SCHEDULE 14A
(RULE 14a-101)
INFORMATION REQUIRED IN PROXY STATEMENT
SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
Proxy Statement Pursuant to Section 14(a) of the
Securities Exchange Act of 1934
Filed by the Registrant ☒
Filed by a Party other than the Registrant
| Filed by a Party other than the Registrant | o |
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Check the appropriate box:
| o | Preliminary Proxy Statement |
| o | Confidential, For Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2)) |
| x | Definitive Proxy Statement |
| o | Definitive Additional Materials |
| o | Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12 |
☐
Preliminary Proxy Statement
☐
Confidential, For Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
☒
Definitive Proxy Statement
☐
Definitive Additional Materials
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Soliciting Material Pursuant to §240.14a-12
ClearSign Combustion Corporation
(Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if Other Than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
| o | Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11. |
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| 2. | Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies: |
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| 4. | Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction: |
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| 2. | Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.: |
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Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
1.
Title of each class of securities to which transaction applies:
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Aggregate number of securities to which transaction applies:
3.
Per unit price or other underlying value of transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11 (set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and state how it was determined):
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Check box if any part of the fee is offset as provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously. Identify the previous filing by registration statement number, or the form or schedule and the date of its filing.
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Date Filed:
ClearSign Combustion Corporation
12870 Interurban Avenue South
Seattle, WA 98168
Dear
Stockholder:Shareholder:
You are invited to attend the Annual Meeting of
StockholdersShareholders of ClearSign Combustion Corporation on May
4, 2017,8, 2019, which will be held at our
corporate office at 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, Washington 98168 at
3:001:30 p.m. local time. Enclosed with this letter are your Notice of Annual Meeting of
Stockholders,Shareholders, proxy statement and proxy voting
card.card along with a copy of the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K. The proxy statement included with this
noticeletter discusses each of the proposals to be considered at the Annual Meeting.
At this year’s meeting, you will be asked to: (1) elect
fourfive directors to serve until the election and qualification of their successors; (2)
ratifyapprove, on an advisory basis, the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31,
2017;2019; (3) approve an amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock reserved for awards; (4) approve an amendment to our articles of incorporation to specify the threshold of shareholder votes required to call a special meeting of shareholders; (5) approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation paid to our named executive officers; and
(3) transact such other business as may properly come before(6) approve one or more adjournments of the Annual Meeting
to a later date or
any adjournments thereof.dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve the amendment to the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, approve the amendment to our articles of incorporation or in the absence of a quorum.
The Board of Directors has fixed the close of business on
February 28, 2017March 8, 2019 as the record date for determining the
stockholdersshareholders entitled to notice of and to vote at the Annual Meeting and any adjournment and postponements thereof (the “Record Date”).
Please use this opportunity to take part in the affairs of the Company by voting on the business to come before this meeting. If you are a record holder of the Company’s common stock on the Record Date, you are eligible to vote with respect to these matters
personally, either
personally at the meeting or by proxy. It is important that your shares be voted, whether or not you plan to attend the meeting, to ensure the presence of a quorum. We urge you to authorize your proxy in advance by following the instructions printed on it. Returning the proxy does NOT deprive you of your right to attend the meeting and vote your shares in person.
/s/ Stephen E. PirnatColin James Deller
Colin James DellerStephen E. PirnatChairman and Chief Executive Officer
Seattle, Washington
March 20, 2017April 4, 2019
ClearSign Combustion Corporation
12870 Interurban Avenue South
Seattle,
WAWashington 98168
Notice of Annual Meeting of
StockholdersShareholdersto be held May
4, 20178, 2019
To the
StockholdersShareholders of ClearSign Combustion Corporation:
The Annual Meeting of
StockholdersShareholders will be held at our office at 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, Washington 98168 at
3:001:30 p.m. local time on May
4, 2017.8, 2019. During the Annual Meeting,
stockholdersshareholders will be asked to:
| (1) | Elect four directors to serve until the election and qualification of their successors; |
| (2) | Ratify the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2017; and |
| (3) | Transact any other business properly brought before the Annual Meeting or any adjournments thereof. |
(1)
elect five directors to serve until the election and qualification of their successors;
(2)
approve, on an advisory basis, the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019;
(3)
approve an amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock reserved for awards;
(4)
approve an amendment to our articles of incorporation to specify the threshold of shareholder votes required to call a special meeting of shareholders;
(5)
approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation paid to our named executive officers; and
(6)
approve one or more adjournments of the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve the amendment to the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, approve the amendment to our articles of incorporation or in the absence of a quorum.
If you are a
stockholdershareholder of record as of
February 28, 2017,March 8, 2019, you may vote at the meeting. The date
of mailingwe are providing this Notice of Meeting and proxy statement is on or about
March 20, 2017.April 4, 2019.
By order of our Board of Directors
/s/ James N. HarmonBrian G. Fike
Brian G. FikeJames N. HarmonInterim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
the proxy procedure
This proxy statement and the accompanying proxy card are first being
mailed,provided on or about
March 20, 2017,April 4, 2019 to owners of record of shares of common stock of ClearSign Combustion Corporation (which may be referred to in this proxy statement as “we,” “us,” “ClearSign,” or the “Company”) in connection with the solicitation of proxies by our board of directors (“Board”) for our annual meeting of
stockholdersshareholders (the “Annual Meeting”) to be held on May
4, 20178, 2019 at
3:001:30 p.m. local time at our
corporate office at 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, Washington
98168 (referred to as the “Annual Meeting”).98168. This proxy procedure permits all
stockholders,shareholders, many of whom are unable to attend the Annual Meeting, to vote their shares at the Annual Meeting. Our Board encourages you to read this document thoroughly and to take this opportunity to vote on the matters to be decided at the Annual Meeting.
WHETHER OR NOT YOU PLAN TO ATTEND THE ANNUAL MEETING, WE REQUEST THAT YOU ARE REQUESTED TO MARK, DATE AND SIGN THE ENCLOSED PROXY CARD AND RETURN IT AS PROMPTLY AS POSSIBLE IN THE ENCLOSED ENVELOPE. SIGNING AND RETURNING A PROXY WILL NOT PREVENT YOU FROM VOTING IN PERSON AT THE MEETING.
THANK YOU FOR ACTING PROMPTLY
IMPORTANT NOTICE REGARDING THE AVAILABILITY OF PROXY MATERIALS FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERSSHAREHOLDERS TO BE HELD ON MAY 4, 2017:8, 2019: The Notice of Annual Meeting, proxy statement and 20162018 Annual Report on Form 10-K are also available atwww.clearsign.com, which does not have “cookies” that identify visitors to the site.
ii
About The Meeting: Questions And Answers
At this year’s meeting, you will be asked to:
| (1) | elect four directors to serve until the election and qualification of their successors; |
| (2) | ratify the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2017; and |
| (3) | transact any other business properly brought before the Annual Meeting or any adjournments thereof. |
(1)
elect five directors to serve until the election and qualification of their successors;
(2)
approve, on an advisory basis, the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2019;
(3)
approve an amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock reserved for awards;
(4)
approve an amendment to our articles of incorporation to specify the threshold of shareholder votes required to call a special meeting of shareholders;
(5)
approve, on an advisory basis, the compensation paid to our named executive officers; and
(6)
approve one or more adjournments of the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve the amendment to the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, approve the amendment to our articles of incorporation or in the absence of a quorum.
Who is entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting, and how many votes do they have?
Stockholders
Shareholders of record at the close of business on February 28, 2017March 8, 2019 (the “Record Date”) may vote at the Annual Meeting. Pursuant to the rights of our stockholders contained in our charter documents eachEach share of our common stock has one vote. There were 15,598,85326,697,261 shares of common stock outstanding on February 28, 2017.March 8, 2019. From April 24, 201728, 2019 through May 4, 2017,7, 2019 (excluding weekends and holidays), you may inspect, at our corporate offices,office, a list of stockholdersshareholders eligible to vote. If you would like to inspect the list, please call Brian G. Fike, our Controller,interim Chief Financial Officer, at (206) 673-4848, to arrange a visit to our offices.office. In addition, the list of stockholdersshareholders will be available for viewing by stockholdersshareholders at the Annual Meeting.
You may vote over the
Internet,internet, by telephone, by mail or in person at the Annual Meeting. Please be aware that if you vote by telephone or over the
Internet,internet, you may incur costs such as telephone and
Internetinternet access charges for which you will be responsible.
Vote by Internet. You can vote via the
Internetinternet at
www.proxyvote.com. You will need to use the control number appearing on your proxy card to vote via the
Internet.internet. You can use the
Internetinternet to transmit your voting instructions up until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on
Wednesday,Tuesday, May
3, 2017.7, 2019. Internet voting is available 24 hours a day. If you vote via the
Internet,internet, you do not need to vote by telephone or return a proxy card.
Vote by Telephone. You can vote by telephone by calling the toll-free telephone number 1-800-690-6903. You will need to use the control number appearing on your proxy card to vote by telephone. You may transmit your voting instructions from any touch-tone telephone up until 11:59 p.m. Eastern Time on
Wednesday,Tuesday, May
3, 2017.7, 2019. Telephone voting is available 24 hours a day. If you vote by telephone, you do not need to vote over the
Internetinternet or return a proxy card.
Vote by Mail. If you received a printed proxy card, you can vote by marking, dating and signing it, and returning it in the postage-paid envelope provided to ClearSign Combustion Corporation, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood,
NYNew York 11717. Please promptly mail your proxy card to ensure that it is received prior to the closing of the polls at the Annual Meeting.
Vote in Person at the Meeting. If you attend the Annual Meeting and plan to vote in person, we will provide you with a ballot at the Annual Meeting. If your shares are registered directly in your name, you are considered the stockholdershareholder of record and you have the right to vote in person at the Annual Meeting. If
your shares are held in the name of your broker or other nominee, you are considered the beneficial owner of shares held in street name. As a beneficial owner, if you wish to vote at the Annual Meeting, you will need to bring to the Annual Meeting a legal proxy from your broker or other nominee authorizing you to vote those shares.
If you vote by any of the methods discussed above, you will be designating
Stephen E. Pirnat,Colin James Deller, our
Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and/or Brian G. Fike, our
Controller,interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, as your proxy(ies). They may act together or individually on your behalf, and will have the authority to appoint a substitute to act as proxy.
Submitting a proxy will not affect your right to attend the Annual Meeting and vote in person.
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If your shares are held in the name of a bank, broker or other nominee, you will receive separate voting instructions from your bank, broker or other nominee describing how to vote your shares. The availability of Internetinternet voting will depend on the voting process of your bank, broker or other nominee. Please check with your bank, broker or other nominee and follow the voting instructions it provides.
Can I receive future materials via the
Internet?internet?
If you vote by Internet,internet, simply follow the prompts for enrolling in electronic proxy delivery service. This will reduce the Company’s printing and postage costs in the future, as well as the number of paper documents you will receive.
A proxy is a person you appoint to vote on your behalf. By using the methods discussed above, you will be appointing Stephen E. Pirnat,Colin James Deller, our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer, and/or Brian G. Fike, our Controller,interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, as your proxies. They may act together or individually to vote on your behalf, and will have the authority to appoint a substitute to act as proxy. If you are unable to attend the Annual Meeting, please vote by proxy so that your shares of common stock may be counted.
How will my proxy vote my shares?
If you are a stockholdershareholder of record, your proxy will vote according to your instructions. If you choose to vote by mail and complete and return the enclosed proxy card but do not indicate your vote, your proxy will vote “FOR” the election of the directors-nominees (see Proposal 1) and, “FOR” the ratificationapproval, on an advisory basis, of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 20172019 (see Proposal 2), “FOR” approving an amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares of common stock that may be reserved for awards (see Proposal 3), “FOR” approving an amendment to our articles of incorporation to specify the threshold of shareholder votes required to call a special meeting of shareholders (see Proposal 4); “FOR” approving, on an advisory basis, of the compensation paid to our named executive officers (see Proposal 5) and “FOR” approving one or more adjournments of the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve Proposal 3 and/or Proposal 4 or in the absence of a quorum (see Proposal 6).
We do not intend to bring any other matter for a vote at the Annual Meeting, and we do not know of anyone else who intends to do
so. so, however, we will transact any such other business as may properly come before the Annual Meeting or any adjournments thereof. Your proxies are authorized to vote on your behalf, however, using their best judgment, on any other business that properly comes before the Annual Meeting.If your shares are held in the name of a bank, broker or other nominee (a “Nominee”), you will receive separate voting instructions from your Nominee describing how to vote your shares. The availability of
Internetinternet voting will depend on the voting process of your Nominee. Please check with your Nominee and follow the voting instructions your Nominee provides.
You should instruct your Nominee how to vote your shares. If you do not give voting instructions to the Nominee, the Nominee will determine if it has the discretionary authority to vote on the particular matter. Under applicable rules, brokers have the discretion to vote on routine matters, such as the ratification of the selection of accounting firms,an independent registered public account firm, but do not have discretion to vote on
non-routine matters. Under the regulations applicable to New York Stock Exchange member brokerage firms (many of whom are the record holders of shares of our common stock), the uncontested election of directors is no longer considered a routine matter. Matters related to executive compensation and to the implementation of, or a material revision to, an equity incentive plan are also not considered routine. As a result, if you are a beneficial owner and hold your shares in street name, but do not give your broker or Nominee instructions on how to vote your shares with respect to these matters,Proposals 1, 3, 4 and 5, votes may not be cast on your behalf. If your Nominee indicates on its proxy card that it does not have discretionary authority to vote on a particular proposal, your shares will be considered to be “broker non-votes” with regard to that matter. Broker non-votes will be counted as present for purposes of determining whether enough votes are present to hold our Annual Meeting, but a broker non-vote will not otherwise affect the outcome of a vote.
If you are a stockholdershareholder of record, you may revoke your proxy at any time before your shares are voted at the Annual Meeting by:
•
notifying our interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary, Brian G. Fike, our Controller, in writing at 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, WAWashington 98168, that you are revoking your proxy;
•
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submitting a proxy at a later date via the Internetinternet or telephone, or by signing and delivering a proxy card relating to the same shares and bearing a later date than the date of the previous proxy prior to the vote at the Annual Meeting, in which case your later-submitted proxy will be recorded, and your earlier proxy revoked; or
•
attending and voting by ballot at the Annual Meeting.
If your shares are held in the name of a Nominee, you should check with your Nominee and follow the voting instructions provided by your Nominee.
Who will count the votes?
Our Controller,Secretary, Brian G. Fike, will act as the inspector of election and count the votes, with the assistance of reports provided by Broadridge Shareholder Services.
What constitutes a quorum?
The holders of a majority of the Company’s eligible votes as of the record date,Record Date, either present or represented by proxy, constitute a quorum. A quorum is necessary in order to conduct the Annual Meeting. If you choose to have your shares represented by proxy at the Annual Meeting, you will be considered part of the quorum. Both abstentions and broker non-votes are counted as present for the purpose of determining the presence of a quorum. If a quorum is not present at the Annual Meeting, the stockholdersshareholders present in person or by proxy may adjourn the meeting to a later date. If an adjournment is for more than 30 days or a new record date is fixed for the adjourned meeting, we will provide notice of the adjourned meeting to each stockholdershareholder of record entitled to vote at the meeting.
What vote is required to approve each proposal?
Election of Directors. For Proposal 1, the election of directors, the nominees will be elected by a plurality of the votes of the shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting. You may choose to vote, or withhold your vote, separately for each nominee. A properly executed proxy with voting instructions marked “WITHHOLD” with respect to the election of one or more directors will not be voted with respect to the director or directors indicated, although it will be counted for the purposes of determining whether there is a quorum.
Ratification
Approval, on an Advisory Basis, of the Appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as the Company’s Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm. For This is an advisory vote only and not binding on the Company.
Approval of an Amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to Increase the Number of Shares of Common Stock Reserved for Awards. Proposal 2,3 will be approved if a quorum is present and the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote must exceedat the Annual Meeting exceeds the votes cast against Proposal 3.
Approval of an Amendment to our Articles of Incorporation to Specify the proposalThreshold of Shareholder Votes Required to call a Special Meeting of Shareholders. Proposal 4 will be approved if a majority of the shares outstanding on the Record Date votes in favor of the proposal.
Approval, on an Advisory Basis, of the Compensation Paid to our Named Executive Officers. Proposal 5 is also an advisory vote only. This vote will not be binding on us, our Board, or our Compensation Committee. However, the Board and the Compensation Committee will consider the outcome of this vote when making future compensation decisions for our executive officers.
Approval of One or More Adjournments of the proposalAnnual Meeting in Certain Circumstances. Proposal 6 will be approved if a quorum is present and the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to
be approved.vote at the Annual Meeting exceeds the votes cast against Proposal 6. If a quorum is not present at the Annual Meeting, Section 2, Subsection 2.8 of our bylaws states that a majority of the votes represented may adjourn the Annual Meeting.
Other Proposals. Any So long as a quorum is present, in order to approve any other proposal that might properly come before the
meeting will requireAnnual Meeting, the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of common stock entitled to vote
tomust exceed the votes cast against the proposal,
for the proposal to be approved, except when a different vote is required by law
or by our articles of
incorporation or our bylaws.incorporation.
Abstentions and broker non-votes with respect to any matter will be counted as present and entitled to vote on that matter for purposes of establishing a quorum, but will not be counted for purposes of determining the number of votes cast. Accordingly, abstentions and broker non-votes will have no effect on the outcome of voting with respect to any of the proposals.
What percentage of
ourthe Company’s common stock do our directors and officers own?
As of
February 28, 2017,March 8, 2019, our current directors and executive officers beneficially owned approximately
9.8% of our common stock outstanding and have voting rights over 5.4%29.2% of our common stock outstanding. See the discussion under the heading “Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” on page
2131 for more details.
Who is soliciting proxies, how are they being solicited, and who pays the cost?
We, on behalf of our Board, through our directors, officers, and employees, are soliciting proxies primarily by mail and the Internet.internet. Proxies may also be solicited in person, by telephone, or facsimile. We will pay the cost of soliciting proxies. We will also reimburse stockbrokers and other custodians, nominees, and fiduciaries for their reasonable out-of-pocket expenses for forwarding proxy and solicitation materials to the owners of our common stock.
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Who is the Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm,independent registered public accounting firm, and will they be represented at the Annual Meeting?
Gumbiner Savett Inc. served as the independent registered public accounting firm auditing and reporting on our financial statements for the year ended December 31, 20162018 and has been appointed to serve as our independent registered public accounting firm for 2017.2019. We expect that representatives of Gumbiner Savett Inc. will not be present at the Annual Meeting.
What are the recommendations of the Board?
The recommendations of our Board are set forth together with the description of each proposal in this proxy statement. In summary, the Board recommends a vote:
•
FOR the election of the nominated directorsdirector nominees (see Proposal 1); and
•
FOR the ratificationapproval of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 20172019 (see Proposal 2);
•
FOR the approval of an amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan to increase the number of shares reserved for awards (see Proposal 3);
•
FOR the approval of an amendment to our articles of incorporation to specify the threshold of shareholder votes required to call a special meeting of shareholders (see Proposal 4);
•
FOR the approval of the compensation paid to our named executive officers (see Proposal 5); and
•
FOR the approval of one or more adjournments of the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve the amendment to the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, to approve an amendment to our articles of incorporation or in the absence of a quorum (see Proposal 6).
With respect to any other matter that properly comes before the meeting, the proxy holders will vote as recommended by the Board or, if no recommendation is given, in their own discretion.
If you sign and return your proxy card but do not specify how you want to vote your shares, the persons named as proxy holders on the proxy card will vote in accordance with the recommendations of the Board.
Governance of the Company
The following table sets forth the names and ages of the directors and executive officers serving immediately prior to the Annual Meeting. Our officers are appointed by, and serve at the pleasure of, the Board.
 | | | | |
| Name | | | Age | | | Position | |
Stephen E. PirnatColin James Deller | | 65 | 51 | Chairman and | | Chief Executive Officer |
Joseph Colannino | | 60 | | Senior Vice President of Engineering |
James N. HarmonBrian G. Fike | | 57 | 50 | | | interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary | |
| Donald W. Kendrick, Ph.D. | | 51 | 53 | | | Chief Technology Officer | |
Andrew U. LeeStephen Sock | | 65 | 53 | | | Senior Vice President, of Business Development | |
Roberto Ruiz, Ph.D.Robert T. Hoffman Sr. | | | 60 | | Chief Operating Officer | Director | |
| Lon E. Bell, Ph.D. | | 76 | 78 | | | Director | |
Scott P. IsaacsonSusanne L. Meline | | 68 | 51 | | | Director | |
Jeffrey L. OttBruce A. Pate | | 54 | 61 | | | Director | |
| James M. Simmons | | | 70 | | | Director | |
Our business, property and affairs are managed by, or under the direction of, our Board, in accordance with the Washington Business Corporation Act and our bylaws. Members of the Board are kept informed of our business through discussions with the Chief Executive Officer and other key members of management, by reviewing materials provided to them by management, and by participating in meetings of the Board and its Committees.
Stockholders
Shareholders may communicate with the members of the Board, either individually or collectively, or with any independent directors, individually or as a group, by writing to the Board at 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, WAWashington 98168. These communications will be reviewed by the Corporate Secretary who, depending on the subject matter, will (a) forward the communication to the director or directors to whom it is addressed or who is responsible for the topic matter, (b) attempt to address the inquiry directly (for example, where it is a request for publicly available information or a stock related matter that does not require the attention of a director), or (c) not forward the communication if it is primarily commercial in nature or if it relates to an improper or irrelevant topic. At each meeting of the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, the Corporate Secretary presents a summary of communications received and will make those communications available to any director upon request.
Independence of Directors
In determining the independence of our directors, we apply the definition of “independent director” provided under the listing rules of The NASDAQNasdaq Stock Market LLC (“NASDAQ”Nasdaq”). Pursuant to these rules, the Board concluded its annual review of director independence in February 2017.2019. After considering all relevant facts and circumstances, the Board affirmatively determined that all of the directors then serving on the Board, including those nominated for election at the Annual Meeting, are independent within the meaning of NASDAQNasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2) and Rule 10A-3(b) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), with the exception of Stephen E. Pirnat, who is our Chief Executive Officer and President.
Robert T. Hoffman Sr.
Board Meetings and Committees of our Board
The Board has three standing committees, the Audit Committee, the Compensation Committee and the Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee, referred to in this proxy statement as the “Governance Committee”. The members of these committees, Lon E. Bell, Scott P. Isaacson, and Jeffrey L. Ott, satisfy the independence standards of both Rule 10A-3(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(a)(2). Mr. OttCommittee.” Ms. Meline is the ChairmanChairperson of the Audit Committee and the Board has determined that he is anshe, together with Mr. Simmons, are audit committee financial expert, Dr. Bellexperts, Mr. Pate is the ChairmanChairperson of the Compensation Committee and Mr. IsaacsonHoffman is the ChairmanChairperson of the Governance Committee. During the year ended December 31, 2016,2018, the Board held four13 meetings, the Audit Committee held four meetings, the Compensation Committee held sixseven meetings, and the Governance Committee held four meetings. Each of our directors attended allat least 75% of the Board meetings and allaggregate of the total number of meetings ofheld by the Board committee(s)and the Board Committee(s) of which he or she is a member. We do not have a policy with regard to Board attendance at the Annual Meeting. All of the members of our Board attended the 20162018 Annual Meeting.
The Audit Committee operates pursuant to a charter whichthat can be viewed on our website atwww.clearsign.com (under “Investors-Corporate Governance-Governance Documents”). The role of the Audit Committee includes, but is to:not limited to, the following:
•
oversee management’s preparation of our financial statements and management’s conduct of the accounting and financial reporting processes;
•
appoint, compensate, retain and oversee the work of the independent registered public accounting firm engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review or attest services for the Company;
•
oversee management’s maintenance of internal controls and procedures for financial reporting;reporting at least annually;
•
oversee our compliance with applicable legal and regulatory requirements, including without limitation, those requirements relating to financial controls and reporting;
•
oversee the independent auditor’sregistered public accounting firm’s qualifications and independence;
oversee the performance of the independent auditors, including the annual independent audit of our financial statements;
•
prepare the report required by the rules of the SECSecurities and Exchange Commission to be included in our proxy statement; and
•
discharge such duties and responsibilities as may be required of the Audit Committee by the provisions of applicable law, rulelaws, rules or regulation.regulations.
The Audit Committee is authorized (without seeking Board approval) to retain or terminate special legal, accounting or other advisors and may request any officer or employee of the Company or the Company’s outside counsel or independent registered public accounting firm to meet with any members of, or advisors to, the Audit Committee. The Audit Committee has available appropriate funding from the Company, as determined by the Audit Committee, for payment of compensation to any independent registered public accounting firm engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review or attest services for the Company; compensation to any advisers employed by the Audit Committee; and ordinary administrative expenses of the Audit Committee that are necessary or appropriate in carrying out its duties.
The role of the Compensation Committee is to:
•
review, approve and recommend to the Board our compensation and benefits policies generally and the annual compensation (base salary, bonus and other benefits) for all of our executives, including our Chief Executive Officer;
•
administer the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “2011 Plan”) and the 2013 Consultant Stock Plan; and
•
annually review and make recommendations to the Board with respect to the compensation of non-employeenon-executive directors, including any incentive plan compensation.
A copy of the charter of the Compensation Committee is available on our website at
www.clearsign.com (under “Investors-Corporate Governance-Governance Documents”).
The Compensation Committee may engage outside advisers, including outside auditors, attorneys and consultants, as it deems necessary to discharge its responsibilities. The Compensation Committee has sole authority to retain and terminate any compensation expert or consultant
to be used to provide advice on compensation levels or assist in the evaluation of director, Chief Executive Officer or senior executive compensation, including sole authority to approve the fees of any expert or consultant and other retention terms. In addition, the Compensation Committee considers, but is not bound by, the recommendations of our Chief Executive Officer with respect to the compensation packages of our other executive officers.
Pursuant to the terms of the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, the Compensation Committee may delegate to one or more officers of the Company the authority to grant awards under the Planplan to participants who are not insiders of the Company. The Compensation Committee has not exercised its rightdelegated this authority to delegate this authority.
the Chief Executive Officer for compensation for nonexecutives of the Company. The Compensation Committee maintains the authority to grant the total award amount, and delegates authority to the Chief Executive Officer to distribute the award among nonexecutive employees of the Company.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The role of the Governance Committee is to:
•
evaluate from time to time the appropriate size (number of members) of the Board and recommend any increase or decrease;
•
determine the desired skills and attributes of members of the Board, taking into account the needs of the business and listing standards;
•
establish criteria for prospective members, conduct candidate searches, interview prospective candidates, and oversee programs to introduce the candidate to us, our management, and operations;
•
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review planning for succession to the positionpositions of ChairmanChairperson of the Board and Chief Executive Officer and other senior management positions;
•
annually recommend to the Board persons to be nominated for election as directors;
•
recommend to the Board the members of all standing Committees;
•
adopt or develop for Board consideration corporate governance principles and policies; and
•
periodically review and report to the Board on the effectiveness of corporate governance procedures and the Board as a governing body, including conducting an annual self-assessment of the Board and its standing committees.
A copy of the charter of the Governance Committee is available on our website atwww.clearsign.com (under “Investors-Corporate Governance-Governance Documents”). The members of the Governance Committee reviewed the qualifications of the director-nominees.
Policy with Regard to Security Holder Proposals and Director Recommendations
Stockholder
Shareholder proposals are reviewed by the Corporate Secretary’s office for compliance with the requirements for such proposals set forth in our Policy Regarding
StockholderShareholder Candidates for Nomination and in Regulation 14a-8 of the
Securities Exchange
Act of 1934. StockholderAct. Shareholder proposals that meet these requirements will be summarized by the Corporate Secretary’s office. Summaries and copies of the
stockholdershareholder proposals are circulated to the Chairman of the Governance Committee.
The Governance Committee will consider director candidates recommended by
stockholders.shareholders. If a director candidate is recommended by a
stockholdershareholder (a “Nominating
Stockholder”Shareholder”), the Governance Committee expects to evaluate such candidate in the same manner it evaluates director candidates it identifies. A Nominating
StockholderShareholder must have continuously held at least 5% of the Company’s common stock for at least three years by the date the name of the candidate is submitted, and must continue to hold the common stock through the date of the annual meeting. A Nominating
StockholderShareholder may submit one candidate for consideration at any annual meeting of
stockholders.shareholders. A Nominating
StockholderShareholder must submit a candidate for consideration as a director in writing to the Company’s Secretary. The submission must be received by a date not later than the 120
th calendar day before the anniversary of the date that the prior year’s annual meeting proxy statement was released to
stockholdersshareholders (or if the annual meeting date has changed by more than 30 days, a reasonable time before we begin to print and mail the proxy statement) and must include the following information:
| 1. | The name, address and number of shares of common stock owned by the Nominating Stockholder; |
| 2. | A representation that the Nominating Stockholder meets the requirements described above and will continue to meet them through the date of the annual meeting. If the Nominating Stockholder is not a registered holder of the Company’s common stock, the Nominating Stockholder must provide evidence of eligibility as provided in Securities Exchange Act Rule 14a-8(b)(2). |
| 3. | A description of all arrangements or understandings (whether written or oral) between or among the Nominating Stockholder and the candidate or any other person or entity (naming such person or entity) regarding the candidate’s nomination. |
| 4. | All information regarding the candidate that the Company would be required to disclose in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to a meeting at which the candidate would stand for election. |
| 5. | Confirmation that the candidate is independent under the independence requirements established by the Company, Rule 10A-3(b)(1) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 and NASDAQ Listing Rule 5605(a)(2), or if the candidate is not independent under all such criteria, a description of the reasons why the candidate is not independent. |
| 6. | The consent of the candidate to serve as a member of the Company’s board of directors, if nominated and elected. |
1.
The name, address and number of shares of common stock owned by the Nominating Shareholder;
TABLE OF CONTENTS | 7. | A representation signed by the candidate that if elected he or she will: |
| (i) | represent all stockholders of the Company in accordance with applicable laws and the Company’s certificate of incorporation, bylaws and other policies; |
| (ii) | comply with all rules, policies or requirements generally applicable to non-employee directors; and |
| (iii) | upon request, complete and sign customary directors and officers questionnaires. |
2.
A representation that the Nominating Shareholder meets the requirements described above and will continue to meet them through the date of the annual meeting. If the Nominating Shareholder is not a registered holder of the Company’s common stock, the Nominating Shareholder must provide evidence of eligibility as provided in Exchange Act Rule 14a-8(b)(2).
3.
A description of all arrangements or understandings (whether written or oral) between or among the Nominating Shareholder and the candidate or any other person or entity (naming such person or entity) regarding the candidate’s nomination.
4.
All information regarding the candidate that the Company would be required to disclose in a proxy statement filed pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission with respect to a meeting at which the candidate would stand for election.
5.
Confirmation that the candidate is independent under the independence requirements established by the Company, Rule 10A-3(b) promulgated under the Exchange Act and Nasdaq Listing Rule 5605(a)(2), or if the candidate is not independent under all such criteria, a description of the reasons why the candidate is not independent.
6.
The consent of the candidate to serve as a member of the Company’s board of directors, if nominated and elected.
7.
A representation signed by the candidate that if elected he or she will:
(i)
represent all shareholders of the Company in accordance with applicable laws and the Company’s article of incorporation, bylaws and other policies;
(ii)
comply with all rules, policies or requirements generally applicable to non-executive directors; and
(iii)
upon request, complete and sign a customary director and officer questionnaire.
Our Policy Regarding StockholderShareholder Candidates for Nomination is available on our website atwww.clearsign.com (under “Investors-Corporate Governance-Governance Documents”).
Director Qualifications and Diversity
The Board seeks independent directors who represent a diversity of backgrounds and experiences that will enhance the quality of the Board’s deliberations and decisions. Candidates should have substantial experience with one or more publicly traded companies or should have achieved a high level of distinction in their chosen fields. The Board is particularly interested in maintaining a mix that includes individuals who are active or retired executive officers and senior executives, particularly those with experience in combustion, technology, air pollution control and air emission regulation, intellectual property, start-up companies, research and development, strategic planning, business development, compensation, finance, accounting and banking.
In evaluating nominations to the Board of Directors, the Governance Committee also looks for certain personal attributes, such as integrity, ability and willingness to apply sound and independent business judgment, comprehensive understanding of a director’s role in corporate governance, availability for meetings and consultation on Company matters, and the willingness to assume and carry out fiduciary responsibilities. The Governance Committee took these specifications into account in formulating and re-nominating its present Board members. The current director candidates were recommended by the Governance Committee, which is comprised of the threea majority of independent directors.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
Throughout 2016,2018, Lon E. Bell (Chair), Jeffrey L. Ott, and Scott P. Isaacson served on the Compensation Committee. Susanne Meline was appointed to the Compensation Committee in February 2018 and Jeffrey Ott resigned as a director and, in conjunction with his resignation, as a member of all Board Committees, including the Compensation Committee, on October 1, 2018. Mr. Isaacson retired as a director and, in conjunction with his resignation, as a member of all Board Committees, including the Compensation Committee, on January 24, 2019. Neither Dr. Bell, Mr. Ott, Ms. Meline nor Mr. Isaacson has ever been an officer or
employee of ours. None of our prior or current executive officers serves as a member of the board of directors or compensation committee of any entity that has one or more executive officers serving as a member of our Board or the Compensation Committee.
We adopted a Code of Business Conduct and Ethics (“Code of Ethics”) applicable to our principal executive officer and principal financial and accounting officer and any persons performing similar functions. In addition, the Code of Ethics applies to our employees, officers, directors, agents and representatives. The Code of Ethics requires, among other things, that our employees avoid conflicts of interest, comply with all laws and other legal requirements, conduct business in an honest and ethical manner, and otherwise act with integrity and in our best interest. The Code of Ethics is available on our website atwww.clearsign.com (under “Investors”). We intend to satisfy the disclosure requirement regarding an amendment to, or a waiver from, a provision of our Code of Ethics that applies to our principal executive officer, principal financial officer, principal accounting officer or controller, or persons performing similar functions by posting the information on our Internetinternet website,www.clearsign.com.
It is management’s responsibility to assess and manage the various risks we face. It is the Board’s responsibility to oversee management in this effort, in order to ensure that risks and uncertainties that may relate to our ongoing operations and to our plans for the future are considered and managed appropriately. In exercising its oversight, the Board has allocated some areas of focus to its
committeesCommittees and has retained areas of focus for itself, as more fully described below.
Full Board — Risks and exposures focused on by the full Board include strategic, financial and execution risks and other current matters that may present material risk to our operations, plans, prospects or reputation. Throughout the year, the
CEOChief Executive Officer discusses these risks with the Board during strategy reviews that focus on a particular
businessfunction or
function.aspect of our business.
Audit Committee — Risks and exposures focused on by the Audit Committee are those associated with financial matters, particularly financial reporting, tax, accounting, disclosure, internal control over financial reporting, financial policies, investment guidelines, risk management as a whole and credit and liquidity matters.
Governance Committee — Risks and exposures focused on by the Governance Committee are those relating to corporate governance and management and director succession planning.
Compensation Committee — Risks and exposures focused on by the Compensation Committee are those associated with leadership assessment and compensation programs and arrangements, including incentive plans.
plans, to ensure that compensation incentives are aligned with our risk management objectives.
Board Leadership Structure
The
ChairmanChairperson of the Board presides at all meetings of the Board. The
ChairmanChairperson is appointed on an annual basis by at least a majority vote of the
remaining directors.
Stephen E. Pirnat, ourAt a special meeting of the Board held on November 6, 2018, the Board determined to separate the offices of the Chief Executive Officer
is alsoand the
ChairmanChairperson and appointed Mr. Hoffman as Chairperson of the Board
while Stephen Pirnat, the Company’s former Chief Executive Officer, continued to fill that office. With the retirement of
Directors.Mr. Pirnat, Mr. Hoffman temporarily filled the position of interim Chief Executive Officer from January 1, 2019 through March 31, 2019. The Board believes that
it is currently inthis leadership structure increases the
best interests ofBoard’s independence from management by allocating authority for operational leadership to the
Company and its stockholders to have Mr. Pirnat serve both roles given the fact that our business is still in the development stage. As an experienced executive in the industrial burner industry, one of the Company’s original independent directors, and as our current Chief Executive Officer
Mr. Pirnat has deep industry experience, insight into the Company’s development and has direct involvement in its operations; therefore, he is in the best position to propose short and long term objectives for our business. This ensures that the Board of Directors focuses on important strategic objectives and understands the challenges facing the Company on a day-to-day basis. We believe that this combined role is balanced by the independence of a majority of our director nominees, who may meet in executive session at any time, which allows them to review key decisions and to discuss matters independently of Mr. Pirnat. Our Board does not have a person designated as a lead independent director.Review, Approval or Ratification of Transactions with Related Persons
The Board of Directors reviews issues involving potential conflicts of interest, and reviews and approves all related party transactions, including those required to be disclosed as a “related party” transaction under applicable federal securities laws. The Board has not adopted any specific procedures for conducting reviews of potential conflicts of interest and considers each transaction in light of the specific facts and circumstances presented. However, to the extent a potential related party transaction is presentedwhile allocating to the Board the Company expects thatresponsibility for monitoring and overseeing management. The Board appointed Ms. Meline to the Board would become fully informed regardingrole of lead independent director at a regular meeting held on February 7, 2019. As the potential transactionlead independent director, Ms. Meline is the liaison between Mr. Hoffman, as the Chairperson, and the interestsother independent directors. We believe that having a lead independent director will facilitate communication among the members of the related party, and would have the opportunity to deliberate outside of the presence of the related party. The Company expects that the Board would only approve a related party transaction that was in the best interests of, and fair to, the Company and our stockholders, and further would seek to ensure that any completed related party transaction was on terms no less favorable to the Company than could be obtained in a transaction with an unaffiliated third party. Other than as disclosed in this proxy statement under the section titled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions”, there have been no transactions with related persons during the past two fiscal years through the date of this proxy statement.
Board.
Compliance with Section 16 of the Exchange Act
Based solely upon a review of Forms 3, 4 and 5 furnished to the Company, the Company believes that, with the exception of the individual and the entity named below, all of its directors, officers and beneficial owners of more than 10% of our equity securities timely filed these reports withduring 2018.
Roberto Ruiz, the exceptionsCompany’s former Chief Operating Officer, filed a Form 4 disclosing the grant of Lon E. Bell, Scott P. Isaacson, and Jeffrey L. Ott. Eachan option to purchase 20,000 shares of these individuals failed to timely report one transaction, their receipt ofthe Company’s common stock as payment for services provided as10 days after the filing due date.
GPclirSPV LLC filed a director duringForm 3 disclosing its indirect ownership of 5,213,543 shares of the quarter ended September 30, 2016. The Form 4 reports were filed on October 31, 2016.Company’s common stock 7 days after the filing due date.
Proposal 1 — ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
Election Of Directors
The Board of Directors is comprised of
fourfive members. Our Board, upon the recommendation of the Governance Committee, has nominated our
fourfive incumbent directors for re-election at the Annual Meeting. Each nominee has agreed, if elected, to serve until the election and qualification of his
or her successor. If any nominee is unable to stand for election, which circumstance we do not anticipate, the Board may provide for a lesser number of directors or designate a substitute. In the latter event, shares represented by proxies may be voted for a substitute nominee.
If a quorum is present at the Annual Meeting, then nominees will be elected by a plurality of the votes cast. There is no cumulative voting in the election of directors.
The following biographical information is furnished as to each nominee for election as a director:
Stephen E. Pirnat, 65, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
Robert T. Hoffman Sr.
Mr. PirnatHoffman became a director of our Company in November 2011July 2018 in conjunction with the execution of a Voting Agreement between the Company and clirSPV LLC and was appointed as Chairman in November 2018. Mr. Hoffman has more than 30 years of relevant capital markets experience and Chief Executive Officer in February 2015. Priorexpertise. In 2011, Mr. Hoffman founded and continues to joining ClearSign, Mr. Pirnat served as the Managing Director of Europe, the Middle East and Africa for the Quest Integrity Group of Team Inc., a provider of asset integrity management and asset reliability solutions in the refinery, chemical, petrochemical, pipeline and power industries worldwide. From September 2009 until January 2015, Mr. Pirnat held the position of President & CEO of Quest Metrology Groupmanage Princeton Opportunity Management LLC. From September 2009 to January 2014,Previously, he served as Presidentfounder and managing partner of Quest Integrated Inc.,Candlewood Capital, a technology incubatorlong/short fund which managed more than $1 billion in primarily institutional assets. Mr. Hoffman also was a Managing Director and boutique private equity firm. From February 2000Portfolio Manager for the Growth & Income (G&I) mutual fund and institutional assets of what was originally Scudder Stevens and Clark, where he was responsible for all buy and sell decisions. During his tenure, G&I assets under management expanded from approximately $1.75 billion to September 2009,more than $25 billion. Mr. Pirnat servedHoffman was also nominated by two separate governors to serve three terms as President & CEOa Member and Chairman of the John Zink Company, LLC, a wholly owned subsidiaryState of Koch IndustriesNew Jersey Investment Council (SIC) from 1990 to 2002. The SIC has ultimate oversight responsibility for state and a worldwide leader inlocal pension funds totaling more than $80 billion. Mr. Hoffman’s career also includes service as the supplyAssistant State Treasurer for Pensions and Investments for the State of combustion and air pollution control equipmentNew Jersey, Special Assistant to the energy industry. In that former capacity, Mr. Pirnat was a Board memberGovernor of Quest Integrity Group. Mr. Pirnat, a long-time executiveNew Jersey and Mergers, and Acquisitions Analyst at ABN/LaSalle Bank. He holds an M.B.A. with Ingersoll-Rand and Ingersoll-Dresser Corporation, went to John Zink from a previous post as President & CEO of Pangborn Corporation, a leading supplier of surface preparation equipment and associated services to the automotive and aircraft industries. Mr. Pirnat began his career as an applications engineer with the Pump and Condenser Group of Ingersoll-Rand, where he advanced through a variety of sales, marketing, engineering, and operational positions with that company and its successor, Ingersoll-Dresser. These positions included Vice President of Ingersoll-Rand’s Standard Products Division, Vice President of Marketing for Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps, President of Ingersoll-Dresser Pumps Canada Ltd., and Vice President & General Manager of Ingersoll-Rand Engineered Equipment Division. Mr. Pirnat has served as a director for AZZ incorporated (NYSE: AZZ) since July 2014 and served as a director of Profire Energy, Inc. (NASDAQ: PFIE)from January 2014 to September 2016.Mr. Pirnat holds a BSc. in Mechanical EngineeringDistinction from the New Jersey InstituteKellogg School of Technology. Mr. Pirnat’s technological expertiseManagement at Northwestern University and business experience in the combustion and air pollution control industry led us to conclude that he should serve as a director.
an Economics degree from Dartmouth College.
Lon E. Bell, Ph.D.
, 76, DirectorDr. Bell became a director of our Company in November 2011. HeSince November 2012, he has been a member of the board of directors of Ideal Power Inc., a publicly traded reporting company, and he was appointed as the Chief Executive Officer and President of Ideal Power Inc. on April 10, 2018. Dr. Bell founded Gentherm Inc., formerly known as Amerigon Inc., in 1991 and was a consultant to Gentherm from December 2010 to December 2012. Dr. Bell has served many roles at Gentherm, including Chief Technology Officer until December 2010, Director of Technology until 2000, Chairman and Chief Executive Officer until 1999, and President until 1997. Dr. Bell served as the Chief Executive Officer and President of BSST LLC, a subsidiary of Gentherm from September 2000 to December 2010. He served as a Director of Gentherm from 1991 to 2012. Previously, Dr. Bell co-founded Technar Incorporated, which developed and manufactured automotive components, and served as Technar’s Chairman and President until selling majority ownership to TRW Inc. in 1986. Dr. Bell continued managing Technar, then known as TRW Technar, as its President until 1991. He co-founded Mahindra REVA Electric Vehicle Pvt Ltd in 1994 and serves as a Director. Since April 2014 he has been Chairman of the External Advisory Board to the Mechanical and Civil Engineering Department at the California Institute of Technology. He has served as a director for Ideal Power Inc. (NASDAQ: IPWR) since 2012 and Clean Diesel Technologies Inc.of CDTI Advanced materials (NASDAQ: CDTI) since 2013. Through 20122013 and 2013,Chairman since 2016. Dr. Bell wasco-founded CALSTART, a director of the non-profit CALSTARTin 1991 and Aura Systems Inc. (OTCBB: AUSI).served as its first president. Dr. Bell is a
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leading expert in the mass production of vehicle sensors and thermoelectric products. He has authored more than 20 publications in the areas of thermodynamics of thermoelectric systems, automotive crash sensors, and other electronic and electromechanical devices. Five of his inventions have gone into mass production and dominated their target markets. Dr. Bell received a BSc. in Mathematics, a MSc. in Rocket Propulsion, and
a Ph.D. in Mechanical Engineering from the California Institute of Technology. Dr. Bell’s recognized technological expertise in the field of thermodynamics and his demonstrated ability to commercialize inventions led us to conclude that he should serve as a director.
Scott P. Isaacson, 68, Director
Mr. Isaacson became
Susanne L. Meline
Ms. Meline has been a director of our Company since February 2018. In 2003, Ms. Meline co-founded Francis Capital Management (“FCM”), a value-based investment advisor, where she continues specialize in November 2011. He is experiencedanalyzing small cap stocks. Prior to co-founding FCM, Ms. Meline worked as an investment banker with Houlihan Lokey, a global investment bank serving corporations, institutions, and governments worldwide. She also practiced law in advisingthe corporate group of Jones Day, an international law firm that provides legal advisory services across multiple disciplines and representing companies regarding a variety of corporate, business transactions, contracts and compliance matters, particularly in managing programs related to environmental and regulatory issues. He currentlyjurisdictions. Ms. Meline is a consultantCertified Director through the UCLA Anderson School of Management, a member of the National Association of Corporate Directors (the “NACD”) and holds a CERT Certificate in CyberSecurity Oversight from the NACD and Carnegie Mellon University Software Engineering Institute. Ms. Meline received a B.A in political science from UCLA, and a J.D. from the UC Hastings College of the Law. She served on corporate risk management issues related to legal and environmental responsibilities. From 1999 to February 2016, he held various positions with CalPortlandthe board of directors of Finomial Corporation, a fintech company, until 2019.
Bruce A. Pate
Mr. Pate joined our Company as a memberdirector in January 2019. Mr. Pate is the general partner of its executive staff including Senior Vice President-General CounselPate Capital Partners LP, which he founded in 2004 to invest in publicly traded companies with a special emphasis in energy and resource-related sectors. Prior to founding Pate Capital Partners LP, Mr. Pate spent over 20 years at Morgan Stanley & Co. as a principal of the firm, where he managed corporate legal matters, business relations, litigation, intellectual property, acquisitionsfixed income and mergers,equity portfolios for entrepreneurs, foundations, and compliance programs for this construction materials manufacturing company with operations located in the Western United States. He also has servedcorporations.
James M. Simmons
Mr. Simmons joined our Company as a director in January 2019. He is the founder and Chief Investment Officer of numerous subsidiariesICM Asset Management, an investment advisory firm founded in 1981. Mr. Simmons has been a Chartered Financial Analyst since 1985 and has over four decades of that companyexperience in security analysis portfolio management. As ICM’s Chief Investment Officer, he leads portfolio strategy for several years. Mr. Isaacson is an experienced legal expertall portfolios with a broad knowledge of corporate legal issues, especially in regard to environmental compliance requirements mandated by major federal environmental lawsparticular emphasis on undiscovered and programs as well as related state programs. Heturn-around smaller capitalized companies. In addition, Jim has been active over the principal advising attorney on environmental issuesyears in assisting small start-up companies in Spokane and the Northwest. As Chairman of the Board of ICM he also provides the overarching strategic direction for complex, multi-program projectsthe firm. Before founding ICM, Mr. Simmons served as the head of Old National Bank’s trust investment department, and prior to include industrial air emissions, development projects, and, more recently, federal and state actions to regulate greenhouse gases. In his prior positionthis, as a partnerportfolio manager with the Seattle law firm of Boglebank now known as Comerica. Mr. Simmons earned a bachelor’s degree in economics from Michigan State University, and Gates, he advised business clients on environmental issues regarding compliance, land use, government contractor liability and exposure to toxic or hazardous materials as well as issues related to individual and corporate civil and criminal liability. Clients included local governments and a number of large and mid-size businesses and companies involved in manufacturing, production, and service. Previous to that, he was the Chief of the Environmental Law Division at the Department of the Army and the senior attorney responsible for advising commands throughout the United States on environmental policy and compliance issues arising from Army activities, and handled or supervised complex and significant environmental actions that were under the scrutiny of federal, state, and local regulators as well as interested private environmental organizations. Mr. Isaacson holds a BSc. from the U.S. Military Academy at West Point and a Juris Doctor from the University of Washington. He is a member of the bar for United States Supreme Court, the Supreme Court of the State of Washington,both CFA Institute and the DistrictCFA Society of Columbia CourtSpokane.
The experience in investing that each of
Appeals. Mr. Isaacson’s broad businessMs. Meline and Messrs. Hoffman, Pate and Simmons brings to our Board includes their experience
in analyzing the operations of businesses, and
legalparticularly smaller capitalized companies, to determine the likelihood of success. We believe that their experience, together with the expertise
particularly in the fieldbrought to our operations by Colin James Deller, our Chief Executive Officer, will help us achieve our goals of
environmental compliance, led us to concludeproving commercial viability of our products, generating interest from end users and original equipment manufacturers and licensing our technology. For these reasons we concluded that
heeach of these individuals should serve as a director.
Jeffrey L. Ott, 54, Director
Mr. Ott became a director of our Company in February 2015. Mr. Ott has served as President of Quest Integrity since 2006, President and Chief Executive Officer of Quest Integrity since 2014 and, since March 2016, also as President of Team-Furmanite, both subsidiaries of TEAM, Inc. (NYSE: TISI), a provider of asset integrity management and asset reliability solutions in the refinery, chemical, petrochemical, pipeline and power industries worldwide. Prior to joining Quest Integrity, Mr. Ott was a general partner at Gryphon Investors from 2001 to 2006 where he was responsible for managing the group’s middle market-focused technology investment interests. From 1996 to 2001, Mr. Ott managed the west coast private equity effort and technology investments as a general partner at Deutsche Bank Capital Partners and, from 1987 to 1996, led the global convertible and equity-linked capital markets effort for Bankers Trust. He began his career as an engineer in the Operations Analysis group at Rockwell International’s North American Aircraft. Mr. Ott holds a BSc. in Engineering Management and Operations Research from Southern Methodist University and an M.B.A. from Dartmouth College. Mr. Ott’s business experience in the financial and energy industries led us to conclude that he should serve as a director.
None of our director nominees is related to any other director nominee or any officer. None of our director nominees has been involved in a legal proceeding that requires disclosure pursuant to Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933. None of our director nomineesExchange Act. Mr. Hoffman was selected as a resultdirector pursuant to the terms of an arrangement or understanding between hima Voting Agreement we entered into with clirSPV LLC in July 2018. Messrs. Pate and any other person.Simmons were selected as directors pursuant to the terms of the Cooperation Agreement we entered into with Anthony DiGiandomenico and his affiliates in January 2019.
The following Director Compensation Tabletable sets forth information concerning compensation for services rendered by our independentnon-executive directors for 2016.2018. The amounts represented in the “Stock Awards” column reflect the stock
compensation expense recorded by the Company and does not necessarily equate to the income that will ultimately be realized by the director for such awards.
Director Summary Compensation Table
| Name | | | Fees Earned
or Paid in
Cash | | | Stock
Awards | | | Option
Awards | | | Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation | | | Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings | | | All Other
Compensation | | | Total | |
| Lon E. Bell | | | | $ | 50,000 | | | | | $ | 50,000(1) | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | 100,000 | | |
| Scott P. Isaacson | | | | | 50,000 | | | | | | 50,000(2) | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | 100,000 | | |
| Jeffrey L. Ott | | | | | 37,500 | | | | | | 37,500(3) | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | 75,000 | | |
| Susanne Meline | | | | | 50,000 | | | | | | 50,000(4) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 100,000 | | |
| Robert T. Hoffman | | | | | 25,000 | | | | | | 25,000(5) | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 50,000 | | |
| | | | | $ | 212,500 | | | | | $ | 212,500 | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | 425,000 | | |
| |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Name | | Fees
Earned or
Paid in
Cash | | Stock
Awards(1) | | Option
Awards | | Non-Equity
Incentive Plan
Compensation | | Nonqualified
Deferred
Compensation
Earnings | | All Other
Compensation | | Total |
| Lon E. Bell | | $ | 50,000 | | | $ | 50,000 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 100,000 | |
| Scott P. Isaacson | | | 50,000 | | | | 50,000 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 100,000 | |
| Jeffrey L. Ott | | | 50,000 | | | | 50,000 | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | — | | | | 100,000 | |
| | | $ | 150,000 | | | $ | 150,000 | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | — | | | $ | 300,000 | |
| (1) | Amounts reflect restricted stock awards granted in 2016. The amounts represent the aggregate grant date fair value of the awards granted to each named director computed in accordance with stock-based accounting rules (Financial Standards Accounting Board (“FASB”) ASC Topic 718). The restricted stock awards were granted on March 9, 2016 and vested ratably at March 31, June 30, September 30, and December 31, 2016. |
Compensation
(1)
Since his appointment as a director, Dr. Bell has received grants of
DirectorsDuring 2016, ClearSign’s director compensation program for independent directors consisted of cash and equity-based compensation. Under provisions adopted by the Board, during 2016 each independent director received quarterly compensation of $12,500 in cash and common stock having a value of $12,500. The number of99,693 shares of common stock issued each quarter was calculated by using the last sale priceas compensation for his services.
(2)
During his tenure as a director, Mr Isaacson received grants of the Company’s99,693 shares of common stock as compensation for his services. Mr. Isaacson resigned as a director on March 9 2016, the dateJanuary 24, 2019.
(3)
During his tenure as a director, Mr. Ott received grants of
grant.However, in 2017,69,034 shares of common stock as compensation for his services Mr. Ott resigned as a director on October 1, 2018.
(4)
Since her appointment as a director, Ms Meline has received grants of 27,027 shares of common stock for her services
(5)
Since his appointment as a director, Mr Hoffman has received grants of 13,514 shares of common stock for his services
In 2018, each
independentnon-executive director’s annual compensation in the amount of $100,000
has beenwas paid
solely50% in cash and 50% in common stock. The number of shares of common stock issued was calculated by using the last sale price of the common stock on
February 10, 2017,May 3, 2018, the date of the grant. The common stock is subject to a right of repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share through
February 10, 2018May 3, 2019 if the director terminates service or certain other designated events
occur.occurred.
The equity component of the Company’s director compensation program is designed to build an ownership stake in the Company while conveying an incentive to directors relative to the returns recognized by our
stockholders.Stephen Pirnat, the Company’s employee director, does not receive an annual stipend for his services as a director. shareholders.
All directors are reimbursed for ordinary and reasonable expenses incurred in exercising their responsibilities in accordance with the Company’s expense reimbursement procedure applicable to all employees of the Company.
The
Other than the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan, the independent directors are not eligible to participate in the Company’s employee benefit plans, including the retirement plan.
Vote
Required and Recommendation
The affirmative vote of the holders of a plurality of the shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote on the nominees will be required to approve each nominee. This means that the nominees receiving the most votes for election will be elected.
Our
The Board unanimously recommends a vote “FOR” each of the nominees.
Report of the Audit Committee
The following Report of the Audit Committee shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of our filings under the Securities Act of 1933 or the
Securities Exchange Act,
of 1934, except to the extent we specifically incorporate it by reference therein.
The Audit Committee of the Board has:
•
reviewed and discussed the Company’s audited financial statements for the year ended December 31, 20162018 with management;
| • | discussed with the Company’s independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by Auditing Standard No. 1301,Communications with Audit Committees, issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; and |
•
discussed with the Company’s independent auditors the matters required to be discussed by Auditing Standard No. 1301, Communications with Audit Committees, issued by the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board; and
•
received the written disclosures and letter from the independent auditors required by the applicable requirements of the Public Accounting Oversight Board regarding the independent auditors communications with the Audit Committee concerning independence, and has discussed with the independent auditor the independent auditor’s independence.
In reliance on the review and discussions referred to above, the Audit Committee recommended to the Board that the financial statements audited by Gumbiner Savett Inc. for the year ended December 31,
20162018 be included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for such fiscal year.
Audit Committee of the Board
Jeffrey L. Ott, Chair
Scott P. Isaacson
Susanne Meline, Chairperson
Lon E,E. Bell, Ph.D.
James M. Simmons
Proposal 2 — RATIFICATION OF APPOINTMENTAPPROVE, ON AN ADVISORY BASIS, of THE AppointmentOF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRMof Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm
The Audit Committee of the Board has appointed Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm to audit our financial statements for the year ending December 31,
2017.2019. Gumbiner Savett Inc. has served as our independent registered public accounting firm since 2011.
Stockholder ratification
Shareholder approval of the selection of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm
is advisory only and is not required by our bylaws or the Washington Business Corporation Act. The Board seeks such
ratificationapproval as a matter of good corporate practice. Should the
stockholdersshareholders fail to
ratifyapprove the selection of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm, the Board will reconsider whether to retain that firm
forin the
year 2017.future. In making its recommendation to the Board that
stockholdersshareholders ratify the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31,
2017,2019, the Audit Committee considered whether Gumbiner Savett Inc.’s provision of non-audit services is compatible with maintaining its independence. The Audit Committee approved the audit fees,
audit-related fees, tax fees and all other fees described below and believes such fees are compatible with the independence of Gumbiner Savett Inc.
| | | | 2018 | | | 2017 | |
| Audit Fees | | | | $ | 57,000 | | | | | $ | 57,000 | | |
| Audit Related Fees | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | — | | |
| Tax Fees | | | | $ | — | | | | | $ | 5,375 | | |
| All Other Fees | | | | $ | 21,912 | | | | | $ | 24,298 | | |
| | | | |
| | 2016 | | 2015 |
| Audit Fees | | $ | 53,000 | | | $ | 53,000 | |
| Audit Related Fees | | | — | | | | — | |
| Tax Fees | | | 4,515 | | | | 4,708 | |
| All Other Fees | | | 3,142 | | | | 13,550 | |
Audit Fees. “Audit Fees” are the aggregate fees of Gumbiner Savett Inc. attributable to professional services rendered in 20162018 and 20152017 for the audit of our annual financial statements and for review of financial statements included in our quarterly reports on Form 10-Q orand for services that are normally provided by Gumbiner Savett Inc. in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years. These fees include fees billed for professional services rendered by Gumbiner Savett Inc. for the review of registration statements or services that are normally provided in connection with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements for those fiscal years.
Tax Fees. “Tax Fees” are the aggregate fees of Gumbiner Savett Inc. billed for professional services rendered to us for tax compliance, tax advice, and tax planning.
All Other Fees. “All Other Fees” are the aggregate fees of Gumbiner Savett Inc. attributable to customary agreed upon professional services in connection with the underwritten sale of our February 2015 common stock offeringsin February 2018 and review of our 20162018 and 20152017 proxy statements.
Pre-approval Policies and Procedures
The Audit Committee is required to review and approve in advance the retention of the independent auditorsregistered public accounting firm for the performance of all audit and lawfully permitted non-audit services and the fees for such services. The Audit Committee may delegate to one or more of its members the authority to grant pre-approvals for the performance of non-audit services, and any such Audit Committee member who pre-approves a non-audit service must report the pre-approval to the full Audit Committee at its next scheduled meeting. The required pre-approval policies and procedures were complied with during 20162018 and 2015.
2017.
Gumbiner Savett Inc. Representatives at Annual Meeting
We expect that representatives of Gumbiner Savett Inc. will not be present at the Annual Meeting.
Vote Required and Recommendation
The affirmative
This is an advisory vote
and does not require a minimum number of
the holders of shares of common stock entitled to vote must exceed the votes cast against this proposal for the proposal to be approved.votes.
The Board
unanimously recommends
that stockholdersyou vote “FOR”
ratificationapproval of the appointment of Gumbiner Savett Inc. as our independent registered public accounting firm for the year ending December 31,
2017 as described in this Proposal 2.EMERGING GROWTH COMPANY STATUS
We are an emerging growth company, as defined under the Jumpstart Our Business Startups Act of 2012 (the JOBS Act), and are subject to reduced public company reporting and stockholder voting requirements, including exemption from “say-on-pay”. We will remain an emerging growth company until December 31, 2017, although we will lose that status sooner if our revenues exceed $1 billion, if we issue more than $1 billion in non-convertible debt in a three year period, or if the market value of our common stock that is held by non-affiliates exceeds $700 million as of any June 30. At June 30, 2016, the market value of our common stock held by non-affiliates totaled $62 million.
2019.
Executive Compensation and Related Information
The following is biographical information about our executive officers.
Stephen E. Pirnat, 65, Chairman and
Colin James Deller, Ph.D., Chief Executive Officer
Biographical information
Dr. Deller joined us as our President in February 2019 and transitioned to the office of Chief Executive Officer on April 1, 2019. Dr. Deller began his career at Hamworthy Combustion while also completing his Ph.D. In 1996, Dr. Deller joined Callidus, where he was employed in Project Engineering and Sales, and over the course of ten years advanced to serve as Chief Combustion Engineer and Manager of Burner Order Execution before being promoted to oversee Callidus’ entire burner business. From 2010 until he left Callidus, following the acquisition of Callidus by Honeywell, Dr. Deller served as General Manager with full profit and loss accountability for
Mr. Pirnat is set forth under “PROPOSAL 1 — ELECTION OF DIRECTORS — Nominees for Election”.Joseph Colannino, 60, Senior Vice President of Engineering
Mr. Colanninothe Honeywell UOP Callidus burner business worldwide. During that time, he led his team in developing new international markets, including developing a leading market position in China. From May 2018 until he joined the Company, Dr. Deller served as the interim Global Operations Director for the entire Honeywell International UOP Callidus business, which includes flares and thermal oxidizers in May 2011. Prioraddition to joining ClearSign,burners.
Dr. Deller has a Bachelor of Engineering in mechanical engineering from December 2006 to February 2011, Mr. Colannino was Director of Research and Development at John Zink Company, LLC,Portsmouth Polytechnic, U.K., a wholly owned subsidiary of Koch Industries and a worldwide leaderdoctorate in the supply of combustion and air pollution control equipment to the energy industry. During that time his responsibilities were expanded to lead global R&D efforts including management of intellectual property, oversight of John Zink’s testing facility and management of the John Zink Institute training students in various aspects of combustion. From November 2005 to November 2006, Mr. Colannino headed knowledge management efforts at John Zink. Mr. Colannino has more than 25 years in the combustion industry and has authored or contributed to several books includingIndustrial Combustion Testing,The Air Pollution Control Guide,The John Zink Combustion Handbook andModeling of Combustion Systems — A Practical Approach. He is a registered professional engineer and has written and reviewed problems appearing on the NCEES professional engineering exam, given in all 50 states for professional engineering licensure. Mr. Colannino’s areas of expertise include R&D management, combustion, pollutant formation and control, knowledge management, and statistical experimental design. Past and present memberships include the American Institute of Chemical Engineers, the American Chemical Society, the Air and Waste Management Association, the American Statistical Association and the National Association of Professional Engineers. Mr. Colannino received a BSc. from the California Polytechnic University in Pomona, and a MSc. in Knowledge Managementflame chemistry from the University of Oklahoma.
James N. Harmon, 57,Portsmouth, U.K., and an MBA from The University of London.
Brian G. Fike, interim Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary
Mr. HarmonFike was appointed as our Controller in January 2016 and as our interim Chief Financial Officer, in June 2011, as our Secretary in November 2011, and as our Treasurer in August 2015.May 2017. Prior to joining ClearSign,the Company, from March 2001 to January 2016, Mr. HarmonFike was Chief Financial Officeremployed by Darigold, Inc., a $2.3 billion dairy manufacturing co-op of Sahale Snacks, Inc. from September 2010 until June 2011500 member farmers, where he was responsible for all financial matters including acquisitionsuccessively held the positions of commodities. From November 2008Plant Controller, Accounting and Finance Manager, Strategy Manager and Regional Controller. Prior to September 2010,his career at Darigold, Mr. Harmon was a financial and real estate consultant for various businesses including Sahale Snacks. From January 1992 to November 2008, Mr. HarmonFike held senior managementsimilar positions and was Treasurer and Secretary of Sabey Corporation, a Seattle-based real estate and investment company. Mr. Harmon was Chief Financial Officer from January 1992 to August 2003 and Senior Vice President-Investments from September 2003 to November 2008. Mr. Harmon was responsible for all financial matters including transactions and financings for sizable commercial properties and both publicly and privately traded securities. Previously, Mr. Harmon was a certified public accountant with Price Waterhouse from 1982 to 1989 where he became an Audit Manager specializing in the manufacturingspecialty foods and retailindustrial automation industries. Mr. Harmon receivedFike also served eight years in the U.S. Naval Reserve.
Mr. Fike holds a B.A.BBA in Business Administration/AccountingAccountancy from WashingtonBoise State University.
University and an MBA from the University of Washington.
Donald W. Kendrick, Ph.D.,
51, Chief Technology Officer
Dr. Kendrick joined the Company in May 2015 as our Senior Vice President of Technology and was appointed as ourpromoted to Chief Technology Officer in August 2016. Prior to joining ClearSign, Dr. Kendrick was Director and CTO of Lean Flame, Inc. from January 2008 to April 2015. Prior to that, he was Operations Manager for United Technologies Corporation’s Pratt & Whitney PulseDyne Division.Division and Senior Manager at the United Technologies Corporate Research Center (UTRC). He has also served as the Aerothermal Department Head of Ramgen Power Systems.Systems, Director of Research at Imperium Renewables and President of Gaidheal Consulting, LLC. Dr. Kendrick’s areas of expertise include engineering research and development and product commercialization in the areas of combustion, ultra-low emissions systems, renewal energy, biofuels, power generation and gas turbines.turbines (aero and industrial). He has beenis widely published, and holds a number of issued patents in his area of expertise. expertise and serves as a reviewer for several journals including Combustion and Flame and Combustion Science and Technology.
Dr. Kendrick hasholds a B.A.Sc. degree in Mechanical Engineering (Honours) from the University of British Columbia and both a MSc. and Ph.D. degreesdegree in Mechanical Engineering from the California Institute of Technology.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Andrew U. Lee, 65, Senior Vice President of Business Development
Mr. Lee was appointed as ourStephen M. Sock, Senior Vice President, Business Development
Mr. Sock joined the Company in May 2011.July 2017 as Senior Vice President, Business Development. Prior to joining ClearSign,the Company, Mr. LeeSock spent 25 years in the process plants industry, the majority with Amec Foster Wheeler, where he was Senioremployed from July 1991 through July 2016 and then briefly, from May 2017 through July 2017, with Burrow Global Engineering & Construction. During his career at Amec Foster
Wheeler, Mr. Sock was employed in various capacities of increasing responsibility including Sales & Marketing Coordinator, Business Development Manager, Proposal Manager, Estimating Department Manager, Proposal Department Manager, Director Technology Business Development and ultimately Vice President
Sales and Business Development for Adapx, Inc. from July 2008 to May 2011. At Adapx,Commercial Operations. Mr.
Lee had overall revenue and sales support responsibility, assisted with multiple product launches, and developed OEM relationships in the medical, commercial and defense industries. From November 2006 to May 2008, Mr. Lee was Senior Vice President, Sales for Zonar Systems, Inc., a pioneer in developing web based solutions for the transportation industry with overall revenue, marketing, and business development responsibilities. From January 2006 to November 2006, Mr. Lee was a partner with Paladin Partners, an early stage business consulting firm where he specialized in advising start-up companies on” go to market” strategies. From June 1997 to January 2006, Mr. Lee was Senior Vice President, Sales and Marketing of Microvision, Inc., where he developed channel partners in the US, Europe and Asia. Mr. LeeSock has extensive experience
interacting with global customers in the
aerospace, defense, retail, transportationprocess plants industries involving technology licensing, product and
medical sectors and expertise inservice sales,
force leadership, and the formation of strategic alliancesproposal preparation and contract negotiation.
Through this experience, Mr.
LeeSock has
as strong understanding of how clients in these industries make complicated purchasing decisions. He joined Foster Wheeler as a
B.A. in Political ScienceProcess Engineer directly from
theLehigh University,
of California, Berkeley.Roberto Ruiz, Ph.D., 60, Chief Operating Officer
Dr. Ruiz was appointed as our Chief Operating Officer in February 2016. Dr. Ruiz previously served as our Senior Vice President, Product Development from November 2012 after providing consulting services to the Company since June 2012. Prior to joining ClearSign, from November 2010 to May 2012, he was President and Chief Operating Officer of OnQuest, Inc., a division of Primoris Services Corporation, and a provider of engineering, procurement and construction services for fired heaters (used primarily in refinery applications), waste heat recovery units and liquid natural gas, hydrogen, ammonia and bio-fuels plants. Previously, from January 1997 to October 2010, he served in various positions and concluded as Vice President of the Process Burners Group at John Zink Company LLC, a wholly owned subsidiary of Koch Industries and a worldwide leader in the supply of combustion and air pollution control equipment to the energy industry, where he had full operating responsibility for the company’s original product line. His customers included most major domestic and international oil companies and OEMs. As an executive manager, Dr. Ruiz formed and led highly successful teams of engineers, process engineers, project managers, and aftermarket sales and field service professionals. He had previously been VP Technology and Commercial Development at John Zink where he was responsible for all R&D, management of the company’s intellectual property portfolio and the identification and acquisition of assets and technologies. Prior to joining John Zink in 1997, Dr. Ruiz worked with the Gas Research Institute and later with Air Liquide, where he was commercial and marketing manager in the Glass Group. Dr. Ruiz has extensive experience in industrial combustion, process design, environmental controls, fuels, gas separation, heat transfer, fluid mechanics and advanced diagnostics. Dr. Ruiz earned MSc. and Ph.D. degrees in mechanical engineering from the University of Minnesota and a BSc. in engineering with honors at the University of California, Los Angeles. He also earned an M.B.A. at the University of Chicago.
studied Chemical Engineering.
None of our executive officers is related to any of our directors or any other officer. None of our executive officers has been involved in a legal proceeding that requires disclosure pursuant to Item 401(f) of Regulation S-K promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934.Act. None of our officers was selected as such as a result of an arrangement or understanding between him and any other person.
Summary Compensation Table for
20162018 and
20152017
The table below summarizes the total compensation paid to or earned by our Chief Executive Officer from his date of hire on February 3, 2015,and our two most highly compensated executive officers other than our Chief FinancialExecutive Officer, who servedreferred to herein as our Interim President from December 10, 2014 to February 3, 2015, our Chief Operating Officer, our Chief Technology Officer, Senior Vice President of Business Development,the “named executive officers” or “NEOs,” in 2018 and our Senior Vice President of Engineering.2017. The amounts represented in the “Option Awards” column reflects the stock compensation expense recorded by the Company pursuant to ASC Topic 718 and does not necessarily equate to the income that will ultimately be realized by the named executive officers for such awards. These individuals are sometimes referred to
Summary Compensation Table
| Name and Principal Position | | | Year | | | Salary | | | Bonus | | | Option
Awards(1) | | | All Other
Compensation(2) | | | Total | |
Stephen E. Pirnat
President, Chief Executive Officer | | | | | 2018 | | | | | $ | 350,000 | | | | | $ | 0(3) | | | | | $ | 18,640 | | | | | $ | 30,611 | | | | | $ | 399,251 | | |
| | | | 2017 | | | | | | 350,000 | | | | | | 165,000(4) | | | | | | 92,269 | | | | | | 29,884 | | | | | | 637,153 | | |
Roberto Ruiz
Chief Operating Officer | | | | | 2018 | | | | | | 300,000 | | | | | | 0(3) | | | | | | 55,923 | | | | | | 25,361 | | | | | | 381,284 | | |
| | | | 2017 | | | | | | 270,833 | | | | | | 0(4) | | | | | | 65,654 | | | | | | 24,106 | | | | | | 360,593 | | |
Donald W. Kendrick
Chief Technology Officer | | | | | 2018 | | | | | | 200,000 | | | | | | 38,771(3) | | | | | | 51,915 | | | | | | 28,819 | | | | | | 319,505 | | |
| | | | 2017 | | | | | | 198,750 | | | | | | 90,000(4) | | | | | | 42,215 | | | | | | 26,503 | | | | | | 357,468 | | |
Manuel Menendez
President, ClearSign Asia | | | | | 2018 | | | | | | 218,242 | | | | | | 58,231(3) | | | | | | 17,360 | | | | | | 22,937 | | | | | | 316,770 | | |
| | | | 2017 | | | | | | 40,252(5) | | | | | | 25,000(4) | | | | | | 18,443 | | | | | | 2,737 | | | | | | 86,432 | | |
(1)
The amounts included in this
report ascolumn are the
“Named Executive Officers” or “NEOs”.Summaryaggregate dollar amounts of compensation expense recognized by us for financial statement reporting purposes in accordance with Accounting Standards Codification 718, Compensation-Stock Compensation, Table
| | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Name and Principal Position | | Year | | Salary | | Bonus | | Option
Awards(1) | | All Other
Compensation(2) | | Total |
Stephen E. Pirnat
President, Chief Executive
Officer, and Chairman of the
Board of Directors | | | 2016 | | | $ | 350,000 | | | $ | 190,000 | (4) | | $ | 339,971 | | | $ | 16,740 | | | $ | 896,711 | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 335,417 | | | | 189,000 | (3) | | | 523,800 | | | | 49,387 | | | | 1,097,604 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Roberto Ruiz
Chief Operating Officer | | | 2016 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 74,998 | (4) | | | 63,999 | | | | 24,151 | | | | 363,148 | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 95,000 | (3) | | | 36,896 | | | | 25,432 | | | | 357,328 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
James N. Harmon
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and Secretary | | | 2016 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 74,998 | (4) | | | 34,786 | | | | 23,477 | | | | 333,261 | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 90,000 | (3) | | | 26,911 | | | | 17,784 | | | | 334,695 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Andrew U. Lee
Senior Vice President of
Business Development | | | 2016 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 50,000 | (4) | | | 57,509 | | | | 18,101 | | | | 325,610 | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 75,000 | (3) | | | 56,194 | | | | 29,327 | | | | 360,521 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Donald W. Kendrick
Chief Technology Officer | | | 2016 | | | | 185,000 | | | | 74,998 | (4) | | | 28,165 | | | | 26,460 | | | | 314,623 | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 123,333 | | | | 46,250 | (3) | | | 12,387 | | | | 11,189 | | | | 193,159 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Joseph Colannino
Senior Vice President of
Engineering | | | 2016 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 24,998 | (4) | | | 59,793 | | | | 23,551 | | | | 308,342 | |
| | | 2015 | | | | 200,000 | | | | 75,000 | (3) | | | 57,907 | | | | 25,763 | | | | 358,670 | |
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| (1) | The amounts included in this column are the aggregate dollar amounts of compensation expense recognized by us for financial statement reporting purposes in accordance with ASC 718, and include amounts from option awards granted during the years 2013 through 2016. For information relating to the assumptions made by us in connection with the valuation of these awards, see Notes 2 and 9 to our financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016.and includes amounts from option awards granted in 2018, 2017, 2016, and 2015. For information on the valuation assumptions used in calculating these dollar amounts, see Notes 2 and 8 to our financial statements in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2018. These amounts reflect our accounting expense for these awards and do not correspond to the actual value that may be recognized by the individuals upon option exercise. See the table and discussion below titled “Outstanding Equity Awards” for material terms and information relating to these option awards. |
| (2) | Relates to (a) healthcare benefits and employer matching in a defined contribution retirement plan available to all employees, and (b) $39,150 of relocation costs paid to Mr. Pirnat in 2015 in accordance with his employment agreement. |
| (3) | Bonuses for 2015 were accrued in 2015 and paid in March 2016. |
| (4) | Bonuses for 2016 were accrued in 2016 and paid in the form of common stock awards which were granted on February 10, 2017 at the last sale price of the Company’s stock of $3.60 per share. These awards are subject to repurchase rights by the Company at $0.0001 per share through February 10, 2018 if the employee terminates employment or certain other designated events occur. |
(2)
Relates to healthcare benefits and employer matching in a defined contribution retirement plan available to all employees.
(3)
Bonuses for 2018 were accrued in 2018 and paid in March 2019.
(4)
Bonuses for 2017 were accrued in 2017 and paid in April 2018.
(5)
Mr. Menendez was hired in October 2017.
Outstanding Equity Awards
The following table sets forth information concerning outstanding equity awards held by our NEO’s at December 31,
2016.2018.| Name | | | Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable | | | Equity
Incentive
Plan Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options (#)
Unexercisable | | | Option
Exercise
Price
($) | | | Option
Expiration
Date | |
| Stephen E. Pirnat | | | | | 18,750(1) | | | | | | 11,250(1) | | | | | $ | 4.21 | | | | | | 3/31/2026 | | |
| | | | | | 200,000 | | | | | | — | | | | | $ | 5.21 | | | | | | 3/31/2025 | | |
| | | | | | 100,000 | | | | | | — | | | | | $ | 5.97 | | | | | | 2/2/2025 | | |
| Donald W. Kendrick | | | | | 1,875(2) | | | | | | 28,125(2) | | | | | $ | 1.90 | | | | | | 3/31/2028 | | |
| | | | | | 9,375(3) | | | | | | 15,625(3) | | | | | $ | 3.80 | | | | | | 3/31/2027 | | |
| | | | | | 15,625(1) | | | | | | 9,375(1) | | | | | $ | 4.21 | | | | | | 3/31/2026 | | |
| | | | | | 22,500(4) | | | | | | 2,500(4) | | | | | $ | 5.07 | | | | | | 3/31/2025 | | |
| Roberto Ruiz | | | | | 1,250(2) | | | | | | 18,750(2) | | | | | $ | 1.90 | | | | | | 3/31/2028 | | |
| | | | | | 3,750(3) | | | | | | 6,250(3) | | | | | $ | 3.80 | | | | | | 3/31/2027 | | |
| | | | | | 31,250(1) | | | | | | 18,750(1) | | | | | $ | 4.21 | | | | | | 3/31/2026 | | |
| | | | | | 17,500(5) | | | | | | 2,500(5) | | | | | $ | 5.21 | | | | | | 3/31/2025 | | |
| | | | | | 11,500 | | | | | | — | | | | | $ | 9.90 | | | | | | 12/31/2023 | | |
| | | | | | 30,000 | | | | | | — | | | | | $ | 4.88 | | | | | | 12/31/2022 | | |
| Manuel Menendez | | | | | 1,250(2) | | | | | | 18,750(2) | | | | | $ | 1.90 | | | | | | 03/31/28 | | |
| | | | | | 20,000 | | | | | | — | | | | | $ | 3.10 | | | | | | 11/1/2027 | | |
| | | | | | | | |
| Name | | Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Options (#)
Exercisable | | Equity
Incentive Plan
Awards:
Number of
Securities
Underlying
Unexercised
Unearned
Options (#)
Unexercisable | | Option
Exercise
Price
($) | | Option
Expiration
Date |
| Stephen E. Pirnat | | | 3,750 | (1) | | | 26,250 | (1) | | $ | 4.21 | | | | 03/31/26 | |
| | | | 100,000 | (2) | | | 100,000 | (2) | | $ | 5.21 | | | | 03/31/25 | |
| | | | 100,000 | | | | — | | | $ | 5.97 | | | | 02/02/25 | |
| Roberto Ruiz | | | 6,250 | (1) | | | 43,750 | (1) | | $ | 4.21 | | | | 03/31/26 | |
| | | | 7,500 | (3) | | | 12,500 | (3) | | $ | 5.21 | | | | 03/31/25 | |
| | | | 7,906 | (4) | | | 3,594 | (4) | | $ | 9.90 | | | | 12/31/23 | |
| | | | 28,500 | (6) | | | 1,500 | (6) | | $ | 4.88 | | | | 12/31/22 | |
| James N. Harmon | | | 1,500 | (1) | | | 10,500 | (1) | | $ | 4.21 | | | | 03/31/26 | |
| | | | 4,500 | (3) | | | 7,500 | (3) | | $ | 5.21 | | | | 03/31/25 | |
| | | | 6,875 | (4) | | | 3,125 | (4) | | $ | 9.90 | | | | 12/31/23 | |
| Andrew U. Lee | | | 1,500 | (1) | | | 10,500 | (1) | | $ | 4.21 | | | | 03/31/26 | |
| | | | 4,500 | (3) | | | 7,500 | (3) | | $ | 5.21 | | | | 03/31/25 | |
| | | | 14,437 | (4) | | | 6,563 | (4) | | $ | 9.90 | | | | 12/31/23 | |
| | | | 27,871 | (5) | | | 1,859 | (5) | | $ | 4.88 | | | | 12/31/22 | |
| | | | 78,125 | | | | — | | | $ | 2.20 | | | | 09/30/21 | |
| Donald W. Kendrick | | | 3,125 | (1) | | | 21,875 | (1) | | $ | 4.21 | | | | 03/31/26 | |
| | | | 12,500 | (7) | | | 12,500 | | | $ | 5.07 | | | | 03/31/25 | |
| Joseph Colannino | | | 1,500 | (1) | | | 10,500 | (1) | | $ | 4.21 | | | | 03/31/26 | |
| | | | 5,625 | (3) | | | 9,375 | (3) | | $ | 5.21 | | | | 03/31/25 | |
| | | | 14,437 | (4) | | | 6,563 | (4) | | $ | 9.90 | | | | 12/31/23 | |
| | | | 27,871 | (5) | | | 1,859 | (5) | | $ | 4.88 | | | | 12/31/22 | |
| | | | 65,825 | | | | — | | | $ | 2.20 | | | | 09/30/21 | |
| (1) | Unearned options vested at the rate of 6.25% on July 1, 2016 and continue to vest at that rate on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until they are fully vested on April 1, 2020. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options become fully vested. At December 31, 2016, 12.5% of these options were vested. |
| (2) | Unearned options vested at the rate of 50% on April 1, 2016 and will vest at the rate of 50% on April 1, 2017. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options become fully vested. As of December 31, 2016, 50% of these options were vested. |
| (3) | Unearned options vested at the rate of 6.25% on July 1, 2015 and continue to vest at that rate on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until they are fully vested on April 1, 2019. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options become fully vested. At December 31, 2016, 37.5% of these options were vested. |
| (4) | Unearned options vested at the rate of 6.25% on April 1, 2014 and continue to vest at that rate on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until they are fully vested on January 1, 2018. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options become fully vested. At December 31, 2016, 68.75% of these options were vested. |
| (5) | Unearned options vested 6.25% on April 1, 2013 and continued to vest at that rate on the first day of |
(1)
Unearned options vest 6.25% on July 1, 2016 and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until fully vested on April 1, 2020. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options becomely fully vested. At December 31, 2018, these options have vested 62.5%.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
| | each calendar quarter thereafter until they were fully vested on January 1, 2017. At December 31, 2016, 93.75% of these options were vested. |
| (6) | Unearned options vested at the rate of 40% on January 1, 2014 and at the rate of 5% on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until they were fully vested on January 1, 2017. At December 31, 2016, 95% of these options were vested. |
| (7) | Unearned options vested at the rate of 40% on April 1, 2016 and continue to vest at the rate of 5% on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until they are fully vested on April 1, 2019. At December 31, 2016, 50% of these options were vested. |
(2)
Unearned options vest 6.25% on July 1, 2018 and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until fully vested on April 1, 2022. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options becomely fully vested. At December 31, 2018, these options have vested 6.25%.
(3)
Unearned options vest 6.25% on July 1, 2017 and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until fully vested on April 1, 2021. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options becomely fully vested. At December 31, 2018, these options have vested 37.5%.
(4)
Unearned options vested at the rate of 40% on April 1, 2016 and ontinue to vest at the rate of 5% on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until they are fully vested on April 1, 2019. At December 31, 2018, 90% of these options were vested.
(5)
Unearned options vest 6.25% on July 1, 2015 and on the first day of each calendar quarter thereafter until fully vested on April 1, 2019. In the event of a change in control of the Company, the unvested options becomely fully vested. At December 31, 2018, these options have vested 87.5%.
Employment Contracts and Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements
Employment Agreement with Stephen E. Pirnat
Effective February 3, 2015 we entered into an Employment Agreementemployment agreement with Stephen E. Pirnat, our former Chief Executive Officer. Unless earlier terminated, the agreement willwas to continue until December 31, 2017. 2017 however, on October 30, 2017 we extended the term of the agreement to December 31, 2018. Mr. Pirnat retired on December 31, 2018, at which time the agreement expired.
Mr. Pirnat’s annual salary iswas $350,000 with a cost-of-living adjustment made to the annual salary at the beginning of each calendar year of the term,1. The although Mr. Pirnat waived the right to receive this adjustment for the years 2016, 2017 and 2018. Pursuant to the agreement, the Compensation Committee maycould grant an annual bonus to Mr. Pirnat, which maycould equal up to 60% of his annual salary, based on performance standards and goals achieved by him.
In conjunction with the employment of Mr. Pirnat in 2015, the Company also issued two stock option awards, pursuant to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan,
(the “Plan”), for the purchase of 100,000 shares of common stock at an exercise price of $5.97 per share and for the purchase of 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of $5.21 per share. The term of each option is 10 years. The option for the purchase of 100,000 shares vested entirely on February 3, 2016. The option for the purchase of 200,000 shares vested 50% on April 1, 2016 and the remaining 50%
will vestvested on April 1,
2017 (or, alternatively, the option will be immediately exercisable but the shares issuable upon exercise thereof will be subject to a Company repurchase right at the exercise price of $0.0001 per share in the event Mr. Pirnat’s employment terminates prior to April 1, 2017.
)Mr. Pirnat
iswas entitled to receive a relocation allowance, including moving expenses in an amount not to exceed $24,000, closing costs relating to the sale of his residence in Oklahoma in an amount not to exceed $40,000 and six months of living expenses following his move to Seattle, Washington, which
willdid not exceed $6,300 per month.
Through December 31, 2016, the Company incurred $39,150 inTotal relocation costs
for Mr. Pirnat.incurred were $39,150.
According to the agreement, Mr. Pirnat’s employment
maycould be terminated for cause, as defined in the
Employment Agreement,agreement, due to his death or disability, by the election of the Company or Mr. Pirnat, or as a result of a change in control, as defined in the
Employment Agreement.agreement. If the
Employment Agreement isagreement was terminated as a result of Mr. Pirnat’s death, disability or by his election, Mr. Pirnat
willwas entitled to receive accrued but unpaid annual salary, the value of unused paid time off through the effective date of termination, accrued but unpaid annual bonus, if any, and business expenses incurred prior to the effective date of termination. If we
terminateterminated the agreement without cause, Mr. Pirnat
willwas entitled to receive accrued but unpaid annual salary and the value of accrued but unused vacation pay through the effective date of the termination, accrued but unpaid annual bonus, if any, business expenses incurred prior to the effective date of termination and an amount equal to the greater of (A) his annual salary, less legal deductions, for a period of the remaining number of months in the initial term of his employment agreement, or (B) his annual salary, less legal deductions. At his expense, Mr. Pirnat would
have also
bebeen entitled to continue to participate in employee benefit plans for a period of 12 months following termination of his employment. Additionally, Mr. Pirnat would
behave been entitled to immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested options granted under the
Employment Agreementagreement or, if applicable, lapse of the Company’s right to repurchase common stock purchased prior to vesting. If his employment
iswas terminated as a result of a change of control, Mr. Pirnat
will receivewould have received accrued but unpaid annual salary and the value of accrued but unused vacation pay through the effective date of the termination, accrued but unpaid annual bonus less legal deductions and, if any, business expenses incurred prior to the effective date of termination and an amount equal to his annual salary. Additionally, Mr. Pirnat would
behave been entitled to immediate accelerated vesting of all unvested options granted under the
Employment Agreementagreement or, if applicable, lapse of the Company’s right to repurchase common stock purchased prior to vesting.
| 1 | Mr. Pirnat irrevocably waived his right to a cost-of-living adjustment for 2016 and 2017. |
Offer of Employment to Manuel C. Menendez III
On October 18, 2017, the Company and Manuel C. Menendez III executed a letter outlining the terms of Mr. Menendez’s employment (the “offer letter”) pursuant to which we agreed to employ Mr. Menendez as President of ClearSign Asia Limited, our subsidiary. Pursuant to the offer letter, we pay Mr. Menendez an annual salary of $202,656. We also granted to Mr. Menendez an option to purchase 20,000 shares of our common stock at an exercise price of $3.10 per share and we agreed to grant to Mr. Menendez shares of common stock in ClearSign Asia Limited equal to 1% of its business value up to a maximum of $500,000, once a valuation is established. No valuation of ClearSign Asia Limited has been established and no shares in ClearSign Asia Limited have been issued to Mr. Menendez. If Mr. Menendez’s employment is terminated for any reason, ClearSign Asia Limited will have a period of 60 days to purchase the shares from Mr. Menendez at their fair market value as determined by an independent third party. We may terminate Mr. Menendez’s employment at will, but if we terminate his employment without cause, as defined in the offer letter, or if Mr. Menendez terminates his employment for good reason, as defined in the offer letter, aside from paying him his accrued but unpaid salary, paid-time-off and bonus, if any, we would also be required to pay him one year’s salary. Mr. Menendez is also entitled to continue to participate, at his expense, in any employee benefits for a period on one year (to the extent provided in such plans for terminated employees).
Employment Agreement with Colin James Deller
For information about the employment agreement we entered into with Mr. Deller, please see the section of this proxy statement titled “Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.”
Change of Control Arrangements
All of the option awards and stock awards granted to the Company’s executive officers include change-in-control arrangements whereby any unvested stock options would vest or any repurchase rights for stock grants or, if exercised prior to vesting, stock options, would terminate as a result of a change in control.
Compensation Discussion
The Compensation Committee of the Board administers our executive compensation and benefit programs. The Compensation Committee is comprised exclusively of independent directors and oversees all compensation and benefit programs and actions that affect our executive officers.
Compensation Process and Role of Management
The Compensation Committee is responsible for determining and approving all compensation for our executive officers. Pursuant to its charter, the Compensation Committee recommends to the full Board the salary, annual incentive compensation or bonus, long-term incentive compensation in the form of stock options or stock grants, and all other employment, severance and change-in-control agreements applicable to executive officers. As discussed below, our Chief Executive Officer assists the Compensation Committee in its deliberations with respect to the compensation payable to our other executive officers.
Following the end of each fiscal year, our Chief Executive Officer evaluates executive officer performance for the prior fiscal year, other than his own performance, and discusses the results of such evaluations with the Compensation Committee. The Chief Executive Officer assesses each executive officer’s performance for the prior fiscal year based upon subjective factors concerning such officer’s individual business goals and objectives, and the contributions made by the executive officer to our overall results. The Chief Executive Officer then makes specific recommendations to the Compensation Committee for adjustments to base salary and the grant of a target bonus and/or equity award, if appropriate, as part of the compensation package for each executive officer, other than himself, for the next fiscal year.
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2018, the evaluations were performed by Mr. Hoffman, our interim Chief Executive Officer.
The Compensation Committee reviews the performance of the Chief Executive Officer and determines all compensation for the Chief Executive Officer. The Chief Executive Officer is not present at the time the Compensation Committee reviews his performance and discusses his compensation.
Evaluation of Compensation Practices
In 20122017, the Compensation Committee engaged Buck ConsultantsWillis Towers Watson to evaluate both our executive compensation program and our director compensation program. The objective was to determine the equity and competitiveness of our practices with those of peer companies and relevant standards promulgated by stockholdershareholder rights organizations and other relevant stockholders.stakeholders. Although the study analyzed executive compensation comprehensively, there was particular focus on equity incentives for executives. The Compensation Committee integrated the results of the November 2012May 2017 study into its evaluation of executive compensation in 2016 and 2015. Buck Consultantsdirector compensation for the years 2018 and 2019. Willis Towers Watson provided no other services to us following the evaluation. The Compensation Committee is currently reviewing compensation trends to further evaluate current compensation levels.levels for executives and directors.
PROPOSAL 3 — APPROVE AN AMENDMENT TO THECLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORPORATION 2011 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN TO INCREASE THE NUMBER OF
CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENTSHARES OF COMMON STOCK RESERVED FOR AWARDS
On January 27, 2011, our Board and our shareholders approved the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The Plan provides for the granting of awards to officers, employees, directors, consultants and advisors. The Compensation Committee of the Board is authorized to administer the Plan and establish the award terms, including the grant price, vesting period and exercise date.
Competition is intense in our industry for highly skilled officers and employees. We believe that the Plan has been effective in attracting and retaining highly qualified employees and other key contributors to our business, and that the awards granted under the Plan have provided an incentive that aligns the economic interests of Plan participants with those of our shareholders. We believe that the Plan provides a flexible and effective source of incentive compensation and, for that reason, our Board believes that it is in the best interests of the Company and our shareholders to reserve a sufficient number of shares of our common stock in the Plan to allow the Company to continue to make awards from the Plan.
The Plan currently reserves 2,772,246 shares of our common stock for awards, which represents approximately 10% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding. From this reserve, we have granted awards covering a total of 2,031,256 shares of common stock. This means that we currently have only 740,990 shares of common stock available in the reserve for future awards. The Plan includes an “evergreen” provision that is triggered if we issue shares of our common stock during a quarter. In that event, we may add to the Plan reserve a number of shares equal to the lesser of 10% of any new shares issued by the Company during the quarter immediately prior to the adjustment date or such lesser amount as the Board shall determine.
On March 11, 2019, our Board adopted an amendment to the Plan (the “Amendment”) that (i) increases the number of shares of common stock in the reserve by 1,231,593 shares, to a total of 4,003,839 shares of common stock, representing approximately 15% of the number of shares of our common stock outstanding and (ii) increases the number of shares issued pursuant to the evergreen provision, if any, to the lesser of 15% of any new shares issued by the Company during the quarter immediately prior to the adjustment date or such lesser amount as the Board shall determine.
If our shareholders approve the Amendment, the number of total shares in the reserve (4,003,839) will not increase thereafter unless and until we issue additional shares of common stock or we again amend the Plan. Pursuant to Section 3.2 of the Plan, if we were to issue additional shares of common stock during a quarter, the reserve would increase by a number equal to 15% of the newly issued shares. As an example, if during the quarter ended June 30, 2019 we issued 100,000 shares of our common stock in a private offering, the Plan reserve would be increased by 15,000 shares so that the reserve would total 4,018,839 shares of common stock.
The Amendment, a copy of which is included as Annex I to this proxy statement, provides that Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the Plan will read as follows:
3.1 Number of Shares Available. Subject to Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 18, the total aggregate number of Shares reserved and available for grant and issuance pursuant to this Plan, shall be 4,003,839 Shares and will include Shares that are subject to: (a) issuance upon exercise of an Option but cease to be subject to such Option for any reason other than exercise of such Option; (b) an Award granted hereunder but forfeited or repurchased by the Company at the original issue price; and (c) an Award that otherwise terminates without Shares being issued. At all times the Company shall reserve and keep available a sufficient number of Shares as shall be required to satisfy the requirements of all outstanding Options granted under this Plan and all other outstanding but unvested Awards granted under this Plan.
3.2 Increase in Number of Shares Available. The maximum aggregate number of Shares that may be granted under the Plan will be increased effective the first day of each of the Company’s fiscal quarters, beginning with the fiscal quarter commencing April 1, 2019, (the “Adjustment Date”) by an amount equal to the lesser of:
(i) 15% of the difference between the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the applicable Adjustment Date and the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at the beginning of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the Adjustment Date; or
(ii) such lesser number of Shares as may be determined by the Board.
We are required by Nasdaq Listing Rule 5635(c) to obtain shareholder approval of the Amendment.
Description of the Plan
The following is a summary of the principal features of the Plan. The summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to the complete text of the Plan, including the Amendment.
Persons eligible to receive awards from the Plan include employees (including officers) of the Company and its affiliates, consultants who provide significant services to the Company or its affiliates and directors of the Company or its affiliates (the “Participants”). As of the Record Date, we had 17 employees and consultants, five executive officers (including Mr. Hoffman as interim Chief Executive Officer) and four non-executive directors, all of whom are eligible to receive awards from the Plan. As of April 1, 2019, Mr. Hoffman resigned as our interim Chief Executive Officer, and became the fifth non-executive director who is eligible to receive awards from the Plan. The Plan permits the Company to issue to Participants, as defined in the Plan, qualified and/or non-qualified options to purchase shares of our common stock, awards of common stock and common stock bonuses. The Plan will terminate on January 26, 2021. The Compensation Committee of the Board is responsible for administration of the Plan and has the sole discretion to determine which Participants will be granted awards and the terms and conditions of the awards granted. The Plan may be amended by the Board, however, the Board may not, without the approval of our shareholders, amend the Plan in any manner that requires such shareholder approval.
The exercise price of stock options granted from the Plan is determined by the Compensation Committee when the option is granted and may be not less than 85% of the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant; provided that the exercise price of an incentive stock option will be not less than 100% of the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant and the exercise price of an option granted to a Participant who owns securities representing more than 10% of the voting power outstanding (a “10% Holder”) will not be less than 110% of the fair market value of a share of the Company’s common stock on the date of grant. The fair market value of common stock that is publicly traded and listed on a national securities exchange or on Nasdaq is defined in the Plan as the official closing price of the common stock on the date of determination. No option can have a term that is longer than 10 years; an incentive stock option granted to a 10% Holder cannot have a term that is longer than 5 years. Following the termination of a Participant’s employment for a reason other than death or disability, an outstanding option will terminate three months following the Participant’s separation from service. If a Participant’s employment is terminated as a result of death or disability, an outstanding option will terminate one year following the Participant’s separation from service. Upon the exercise of any option, the exercise price will be payable to us in full in cash or, where expressly approved for the Participant by the Compensation Committee and where permitted by law: (i) by cancellation of indebtedness of the Company to the Participant; (ii) by surrender of shares that either: (1) have been owned by the Participant for more than six months and have been paid for within the meaning of Rule 144; or (2) were obtained by the Participant in the public market; (iii) by waiver of compensation due or accrued to the Participant for services rendered; (iv) through a “same day sale” commitment from the Participant and a broker-dealer that is a member of the Financial Industry Regulatory Authority (a “FINRA Dealer”) whereby the Participant irrevocably elects to exercise the option and to sell a portion of the shares so purchased to pay for the exercise price, and whereby the FINRA Dealer irrevocably commits upon receipt of such shares to forward the exercise price directly to the Company, or through a “margin” commitment from the Participant and a FINRA Dealer whereby the Participant irrevocably elects to exercise the option and to pledge the shares so purchased to the NASD
Dealer in a margin account as security for a loan from the FINRA Dealer in the amount of the exercise price, and whereby the FINRA Dealer irrevocably commits upon receipt of the shares to forward the exercise price directly to the Company; or (v) by any combination of the foregoing.
A stock award is an offer by the Company to sell to a Participant common stock that may or may not be subject to restrictions. The Compensation Committee determines to whom an offer will be made, the number of shares the Participant may purchase, the price to be paid, the restrictions to which the shares will be subject, if any, and all other terms and conditions of the stock award. A stock bonus is an award of common stock for services rendered to the Company (or to any parent or subsidiary of the Company). A Stock Bonus may be awarded for general excellence of service or upon satisfaction of such performance goals as are set out in advance in the Participant’s individual award agreement.
As of the Record Date, the fair market value of a share of our common stock was $0.94.
The table below provides information as of December 31, 2018 regarding the Plan.
| Plan Category | | | Number of securities to
be issued upon exercise
of outstanding options
(a) | | | Weighted-average
exercise price of
outstanding options
(b) | | | Number of securities remaining available
for future issuance under equity
compensation plans (excluding securities
reflected in column a)
(c) | |
| Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | | | | | 2,768,618 | | | | | $ | 4.32 | | | | | | 1,296,462 | | |
| Equity compensation plans not not approved by security holders | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | | | | | — | | |
| | | | | | 2,768,618 | | | | | $ | 4.32 | | | | | | 1,296,462 | | |
| |
The above table excludes vested stock grants of 591,879 shares made pursuant to the Plan.
Federal Income Tax Consequences of the Issuance and Exercise of Stock Options
The following discussion is only a general overview of the tax effects of awards of stock options. It is not a comprehensive discussion or analysis of the tax effect of an award granted to any individual Participant. It is the responsibility of a Participant who receives an award from the Plan to consult with his or her tax advisor to determine the tax effects of the grant of any award to him or her.
Non-Statutory Stock Options
Under the current provisions of the Internal Revenue Code, if shares of common stock are issued to the original holder of a non-qualified option granted and exercised under the Plan (assuming there is not an active trading market for options of the Company), the Participant will not recognize income at the time of the grant of the option. However, on exercise of the option and purchase of the common stock, the Participant will recognize ordinary income in an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the shares of common stock acquired at the time of exercise over the exercise price. Furthermore, upon the sale of the shares of common stock the Participant will recognize a short-term or long-term capital gain, or loss, as the case may be, in an amount equal to the difference between the amount the Participant received from the sale of those shares and the Participant’s tax basis in the shares (as described below). Finally, we will be entitled to expense as compensation the amount of ordinary income that the holder recognized.
If the Participant pays the exercise price entirely in cash, the tax basis of the shares of common stock will be equal to the amount of the exercise price paid plus the ordinary income recognized by the Participant from exercising the options. This basis should equal the fair market value of the shares of common stock acquired on the date of exercise.
The ordinary income received by the Participant on exercise of the option is considered to be compensation from the Company. As with other forms of compensation, withholding tax and other trust fund payments will be due with respect to the exercise of the options.
Incentive Stock Options
The rule stated above is different when there has been an acquisition of our common stock pursuant to the exercise of an incentive stock option. The rules governing incentive stock options prevent the taxation of the options as income to the Participant at the time the option is granted or at the time the Participant exercises the option and buys the stock. The Participant incurs tax (which is at capital gains rates) only at the time of the sale of the stock the Participant purchased by exercising the option. However, in order to take advantage of the special tax treatment, there are certain restrictions relating to incentive stock options that must be met. The employee must have an option to receive shares of the corporation employing him, its parent or its subsidiary. The option must be granted within 10 years from the date that the plan is adopted by the Board of Directors or approved by the shareholders, whichever is earlier. Further, the option granted must be exercisable within 10 years from the date it is granted (five years in the case of a 10% Holder). The option exercise price may not be less than the fair market value of the stock at the time the option is granted (110% of the fair market value in the case of a 10% Holder), and the option may not be transferred other than by death. The option may be exercised only by the employee (unless the employee dies, in which case his executor, administrator or representative would be entitled to exercise). The employee must remain an employee of the corporation from the time the option is granted until three months before the option is exercised. Once the stock has been purchased by exercise of the incentive option, it cannot be sold within two years from the date the option was granted or within one year from the date the option was exercised and the stock was purchased, whichever is later.
Aggregate Past Grants Under the Plan
As of March 1, 2019, awards covering 2,031,256 shares of the Company’s common stock had been issued from the Plan. The following table shows information regarding the distribution of those awards among the persons and groups identified below as of that date.
| Name and Title | | | Number of
Shares Subject
to Past Option
Awards | | | Number of Shares Underlying Options | | | Number of
Shares Subject
to Past Stock
Awards | |
| | Exercisable | | | Nonexercisable | |
Stephen E. Pirnat,
former Chief Executive Officer | | | | | 330,000 | | | | | | 320,625 | | | | | | 9,375 | | | | | | 74,586 | | |
Brian G. Fike,
interim Chief Financial Officer | | | | | 190,000 | | | | | | 96,146 | | | | | | 93,854 | | | | | | | | |
Roberto Ruiz,
former Chief Operating Officer | | | | | 141,500 | | | | | | 102,750 | | | | | | 38,750 | | | | | | 20,833 | | |
Donald W. Kendrick,
Chief Technology Officer | | | | | 265,000 | | | | | | 150,834 | | | | | | 114,166 | | | | | | 20,833 | | |
Manuel Menendez,
President, ClearSign Asia, Limited | | | | | 145,000 | | | | | | 58,750 | | | | | | 86,250 | | | | | | | | |
Stephen Sock,
Senior Vice President, Business Development | | | | | 120,000 | | | | | | 37,084 | | | | | | 82,916 | | | | | | | | |
All current and former executive officers as a
group | | | | | 1,191,500 | | | | | | 766,189 | | | | | | 425,311 | | | | | | 116,252 | | |
| All current non-executive directors: | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| Robert T. Hoffman Sr., director nominee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 13,514 | | |
| Lon E. Bell, director nominee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 99,693 | | |
| Susanne Meline, director nominee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | 27,027 | | |
| Bruce A. Pate, director nominee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| James M. Simmons, director nominee | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| All other employees | | | | | 247,877 | | | | | | 118,066 | | | | | | 139,811 | | | | | | 335,393 | | |
Vote Required and Recommendation
Proposal 3 will be approved if a quorum is present and the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting exceeds the votes cast against Proposal 3.
The Board unanimously recommends you vote FOR the approval of the amendment to the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan.
PROPOSAL 4 — APPROVE AN AMENDMENT TO OUR ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION
TO SPECIFY THE THRESHOLD OF SHAREHOLDER VOTES REQUIRED
TO CALL A SPECIAL MEETING OF SHAREHOLDERS
Our Board is proposing that our shareholders approve an amendment to our articles of incorporation (the “Articles Amendment”) adding a provision that requires at least 20% of shareholder votes to call a special meeting. This amendment will be accompanied by an amendment to our bylaws decreasing the threshold of shareholder votes required to call a special meeting from 25% to 20% (the “Bylaws Amendment”). The Articles Amendment, if approved, together with the Bylaws Amendment, will eliminate the discrepancy between the requirements of the Washington Business Corporation Act and our bylaws relating to the threshold required to call a special meeting. A copy of the Articles Amendment is included as Annex II to this proxy statement.
The Reasons for This Proposal
Our bylaws state at Section 2, Subsection 2.2, that “A special meeting of the shareholders shall be held if the holders of at least 25% of all the votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered at the special meeting have delivered to the Secretary one or more demands . . . .” Our articles of incorporation, however, do not address the voting requirement for a special meeting. Under the Washington Business Corporation Act “[t]he right of shareholders of a public company to call a special meeting may be limited or denied to the extent provided in the articles of incorporation.” The discrepancy between the Washington Business Corporation Act and our bylaws may confuse shareholders wanting to call a special meeting. Therefore, we want our articles of incorporation and our bylaws to set forth the same standard so that shareholders know the percentage threshold they must have before making a demand that the Company hold a special meeting.
The Board seeks to lower the standard set forth in the bylaws to 20% and conform the articles of incorporation accordingly as it believes that a 20% ownership threshold for the right to call a special meeting strikes a reasonable and appropriate balance between (i) providing shareholders with a meaningful right to call a special meeting while (ii) also protecting the interests of all shareholders, taking into consideration the Company’s small size, negative cash flow and limited cash reserves, by avoiding the unnecessary use of resources in the event a small minority of shareholders with limited support for their proposed actions, including those with interests unique to their individual situation, could call special meetings especially as there are other avenues for shareholders to communicate with the Board and the Company outside of calling a special meeting. Our Board is committed to shareholder engagement and efficient response to shareholder concerns and, after careful consideration, believes that the proposal to add the Articles Amendment setting forth a 20% threshold for holders of our common stock to call a special meeting and reducing the threshold set forth in the bylaws from 25% to 20%, is in the best interests of ClearSign and its shareholders.
Our Board further recognizes that good governance dictates that the Board should be refreshed from time to time to allow for fresh and diverse perspectives, new experience and to meet the changing needs of the Company. To this end, our Board intends to adopt a policy that will require, subject to certain exceptions such as a contractual requirement or the ability to extend an individual director’s term limit to meet the Board’s fiduciary duties, that a member leave the Board after serving for seven consecutive years.
Vote Required and Recommendation
Proposal 4 will be approved if a majority of the shares outstanding on the Record Date votes in favor of the proposal.
The Board unanimously recommends you vote “FOR” approval of the Articles Amendment.
PROPOSAL 5 — APPROVE, ON AN ADVISORY BASIS, OF THE COMPENSATION
OF OUR NAMED EXECUTIVE OFFICERS (“SAY-ON-PAY”)
In recent years, good corporate governance commentators and advisors have advocated and, increasingly, governmental regulatory authorities, including the SEC, are mandating that public companies initiate procedures to ensure that our shareholders have input on our compensation programs for our named executive officers. This is commonly known as “Say-on-Pay”.
Our Board values and encourages constructive dialogue on executive compensation and other important governance topics with our shareholders, to whom it is ultimately accountable. We urge you to read this proxy statement for additional details on the Company’s executive compensation.
Our Say-on-Pay Proposal is designed to provide our shareholders with the opportunity to consider and vote upon the compensation paid to our named executive officers, as disclosed in this proxy statement pursuant to Item 402 of Regulation S-K, including the compensation table and narrative discussion. Although the vote is advisory and non-binding on the Company or the Board, our Board and the Compensation Committee will review the voting results. To the extent there is any significant lack of support for the compensation of our named executive officers, we would expect to initiate procedures designed to help us better understand shareholder concerns. We ask our shareholders to approve a Say-on-Pay proposal each year.
Marking the proxy card “For” indicates support for the compensation of our named executive officers; marking the proxy card “Against” indicates lack of support for the compensation of our named executive officers. You may abstain by marking the “Abstain” box on the proxy card.
Vote Required and Recommendation
This is an advisory vote and does not require a minimum number of votes.
The Board unanimously recommends you vote “FOR” the approval of the compensation paid to our named executive officers.
PROPOSAL 6 — approve one or more adjournments of the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve proposal 3 AND/oR PROPOSAL 4 or in the absence
of a quorum
We are asking our shareholders to approve a proposal that will allow us to adjourn the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve Proposal 3 and/or Proposal 4 or if we do not have a quorum at the Annual Meeting. If our shareholders approve this proposal, we could adjourn the Annual Meeting and any reconvened session of the Annual Meeting and use the additional time to solicit additional proxies, including the solicitation of proxies from shareholders that have previously returned properly executed proxies voting against approval of Proposal 3, Proposal 4 or both Proposal 3 and Proposal 4. Among other things, approval of this proposal could mean that, even if we had received proxies representing a sufficient number of votes against approval of Proposal 3 or Proposal 4, such that Proposal 3 or Proposal 4 would be defeated, we could adjourn the Annual Meeting without a vote on the approval of Proposal 3 or Proposal 4 and seek to convince the holders of those shares to change their votes to votes in favor of approval of Proposal 3 or Proposal 4. Additionally, we may seek to adjourn the Annual Meeting if a quorum is not present at the Annual Meeting.
Our Board believes that it is in the best interests of our Company and our shareholders to be able to adjourn the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates if necessary or appropriate for the above referenced reasons.
Vote Required and Recommendation
Proposal 6 will be approved if a quorum is present and the affirmative vote of the holders of shares of common stock present in person or represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting exceeds the votes cast against Proposal 6. If a quorum is not present at the Annual Meeting, Section 2, Subsection 2.8 of our bylaws states that a majority of the votes represented may adjourn the Annual Meeting.
The Board unanimously recommends you vote FOR the proposal allowing the Board to adjourn the Annual Meeting to a later date or dates if necessary or appropriate to solicit additional proxies if there are insufficient votes to approve Proposal 3 and/or Proposal 4 or in the absence of a quorum.
Security Ownership Of Certain Beneficial Owners And Management
The following table shows information known to us about beneficial ownership of our common stock by:
•
each of our directors;
•
each of our current NEOs as well as any additional individuals identified as NEOs in the section of this report titled “Executive Compensation”;
•
all of our directors and executive officers as a group; and
•
each person known by us to beneficially own 5% or more of our common stock.
Beneficial ownership and percentage ownership are determined in accordance with the rules of the SEC. Under these rules, beneficial ownership generally includes any shares as to which the individual or entity has sole or shared voting power or investment power and includes any shares that an individual or entity has the right to acquire ownership of on or before
April 29, 2017,May 7, 2019, which is 60 days from the Record Date, through the exercise of any option, warrant, conversion privilege or similar right. In computing the number of shares beneficially owned by a person and the percentage ownership of that person, shares of our common stock that could be issued upon the exercise of outstanding options and warrants that are exercisable on or before
April 29, 2017May 7, 2019 are considered to be outstanding. These shares, however, are not considered outstanding as of the Record Date when computing the percentage ownership of each other person.
To our knowledge, except as indicated in the footnotes to the following table and subject to state community property laws where applicable, all beneficial owners named in this table have sole voting and investment power with respect to all shares shown as beneficially owned by them. Percentage of ownership is based on ClearSign’s shares of common stock outstanding as of the Record Date.
Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) | | | Amount of
Beneficial
Ownership(2) | | | Percent
of Class | |
| Directors and Officers: | | | |
| Donald W. Kendrick, Ph. D. | | | | | 211,917(3) | | | | | | 0.8% | | |
| Robert T. Hoffman | | | | | 5,337,215(4) | | | | | | 20.0% | | |
| Lon E. Bell, Ph.D. | | | | | 381,499 | | | | | | 1.4% | | |
| Bruce A. Pate | | | | | 70,000(5) | | | | | | 0.3% | | |
| James C. Simmons | | | | | 1,666,627(6) | | | | | | 6.2% | | |
| Susanne Meline | | | | | 76,522 | | | | | | 0.3% | | |
| All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (8 persons) | | | | | 7,883,515(7) | | | | | | 29.2% | | |
| 5% Owners: | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
| CLIR SPV LLC | | | | | 5,213,543 | | | | | | 19.5% | | |
| | | | |
| Name and Address of Beneficial Owner(1) | | Amount of
Beneficial
Ownership(2) | | Percent of Class |
Directors and Officers:
| | | | | | | | |
| Stephen E. Pirnat | | | 418,808 | (3) | | | 2.6 | % |
| James N. Harmon | | | 254,034 | (4) | | | 1.6 | % |
| Joseph Colannino | | | 185,983 | (5) | | | 1.2 | % |
| Andrew U. Lee | | | 160,406 | (6) | | | 1.0 | % |
| Roberto Ruiz, Ph. D. | | | 95,556 | (7) | | | 0.6 | % |
| Donald W. Kendrick, Ph. D. | | | 70,083 | (8) | | | 0.4 | % |
| Lon E. Bell, Ph.D. | | | 278,808 | (9) | | | 1.8 | % |
| Scott P. Isaacson | | | 89,150 | (10) | | | 0.6 | % |
| Jeffrey L. Ott | | | 55,688 | (11) | | | 0.4 | % |
| All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (9 persons) | | | 1,608,516 | | | | 9.8 | % |
5% Stockholders:
| | | | | | | | |
| Christopher A. Marlett | | | 1,131,651 | (12) | | | 7.1 | % |
| MDB Capital Group, LLC | | | 827,644 | (13) | | | 5.2 | % |
| (1) | The address of each officer and director is 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, Washington 98168. |
| (2) | Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is generally assigned to the person holding voting power and/or investment power with respect to securities. With the exception of the securities beneficially owned by our officers and directors and their affiliates, the ownership of the shares of common stock listed above were determined using public records. |
| (3) | Includes options to purchase 307,500 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 8,361 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 52,778 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Mr. Pirnat terminate employment, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. Excludes options to purchase 22,500 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before April 29, 2017. |
(1)
The address of each officer and director is 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, Washington 98168.
(2)
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and is generally assigned to the person holding voting power and/or investment power with respect to securities. With the exception of the securities beneficially owned by our officers and directors and their affiliates, the ownership of the shares of common stock listed above were determined using public records.
(3)
Includes options to purchase 157,084 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before May 07, 2019. Excludes options to purchase 107,916 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before May 07, 2019.
(4)
Mr. Hoffman is the managing member of GPCLIRSPV LLC which is the managing member of CLIRSPV LLC, the owner of 5,213,543 shares of common stock. Mr. Hoffman disclaims beneficial ownership of these shares except to the extent of his pecuniary interest in CLIRSPV LLC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS | (4) | Includes options to purchase 17,125 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 30,868 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 20,833 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Mr. Harmon terminate employment, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. Excludes options to purchase 16,875 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before April 29, 2017. |
| (5) | Includes options to purchase 123,117 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 10,155 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 6,944 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Mr. Colannino terminate employment, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. Excludes options to purchase 20,438 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before April 29, 2017. |
| (6) | Includes options to purchase 133,917 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 1,800 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 13,889 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Mr. Lee terminate employment, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. Excludes options to purchase 18,938 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before April 29, 2017. |
| (7) | Includes options to purchase 61,843 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 1,840 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 20,833 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Dr. Ruiz terminate employment, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. Excludes options to purchase 49,657 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before April 29, 2017. |
| (8) | Includes options to purchase 21,250 shares of common stock and warrants to purchase 4,000 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 20,833 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Dr. Kendrick terminate employment, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. Excludes options to purchase 28,750 shares of common stock none of which will vest on or before April 29, 2017. |
| (9) | Includes warrants to purchase 35,336 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 27,778 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Dr. Bell terminate his service, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. |
| (10) | Includes warrants to purchase 8,242 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 27,778 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Mr. Isaacson terminate his service, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. |
| (11) | Includes warrants to purchase 3,462 shares of common stock which may be exercised on or before April 29, 2017 as well as 27,778 shares which were awarded under the 2011 Equity Incentive Plan and are subject to repurchase by the Company at $0.0001 per share should Mr. Ott terminate his service, or upon other designated circumstances, prior to February 10, 2018. |
| (12) | The address for Christopher A. Marlett is 2425 Cedar Springs Road, Dallas, Texas 75201. This amount includes 210,524 shares of common stock and warrants for the purchase of 93,483 shares of common stock owned by Mr. Marlett. This amount also includes 657,144 shares of common stock and warrants for the purchase of 170,500 shares of common stock owned by MDB Capital Group LLC. Mr. Marlett is CEO of MDB Capital Group LLC and has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to its shares of common stock. This information was obtained from the most recent Schedule 13D/A filed by Mr. Marlett with the SEC on March 14, 2017. |
| (13) | The address for MDB Capital Group LLC is 2425 Cedar Springs Road, Dallas, Texas 75201. This amount also includes 657,144 shares of common stock and warrants for the purchase of 170,500 shares of common stock. Christopher A. Marlett has sole voting and dispositive power with respect to its shares of common stock. This information was obtained from the most recent Schedule 13D/A filed by Mr. Marlett with the SEC on March 14, 2017. |
(5)
The shares of common stock are owned by Pate Capital Partners LP, a private investment partnership
(6)
Mr Simmons is a principal of ICM Asset Management, Inc., an investment advisory firm (“ICM”). The issuer’s common stock is held by ICM for its clients. While Mr. Simmons has voting and investment control over the common stock held by ICM, he disclaims beneficial ownership of such common stock.
(7)
Includes 1,000 shares and 97,021 options beneficially held by the Company’s interim Chief Financial Officer and 3,380 shares and 38,334 options beneficially held by the Companys Sr. Vice President of Business Development. Neither of whom are listed as an NEO.
Certain Relationships And Related Transactions
Participation in Common Stock Offering
In January 2017,February 2018, the Company completed a rightssecondary offering. The following directors and officers participated in the offering on the same terms as the other investors and purchased units for $4.00 each. Each unit consistedshares of our common stock at a price of $2.25 per share.
| Directors and Officers | | | Shares
Purchased | |
| Stephen E. Pirnat | | | | | 10,000 | | |
| Brian G. Fike | | | | | 1,000 | | |
| Lon E. Bell, Ph.D. | | | | | 111,000 | | |
| Susanne Meline | | | | | 22,222 | | |
| All directors and Executive Officers as a Group (4 persons) | | | | | 144,222 | | |
| |
Investment by clirSPV LLP and Appointment of Robert T. Hoffman Sr. to the Board of Directors
In July 2018, clirSPV LLC purchased 5,213,543 shares of our common stock at a price of $2.25 per share. Robert T. Hoffman Sr., one shareof our directors, is the managing member of GPCLIRSPV LLC, which is the managing member of clirSPV LLC. Mr. Hoffman has voting and investment control over the shares of common stock and one warrantowned by clirSPV LLC. In conjunction with the investment made by clirSPV LLC, we entered into a Voting Agreement with clirSPV LLC pursuant to which Mr. Hoffman was named as a director.
The Stock Purchase Agreement permitted clirSPV LLC to purchase one sharefrom the Company up to an aggregate 478,854 shares of common stock at a price of $4 per share. This right expired on February 1, 2019. The Stock Purchase Agreement also permits clirSPV LLC to participate in future capital raising transactions on the same terms as other investors participating in such transactions. This right will expire on December 31, 2023.
Agreements with Stephen E. Pirnat
On December 31, 2018, we executed a Consulting Agreement and a Confidential Separation Agreement and General Release (“Release Agreement”) with Stephen Pirnat, our former Chief Executive Officer and director.
The Consulting Agreement has a term of two years, beginning on January 1, 2019 and ending on December 31, 2020. Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, Mr. Pirnat agrees to provide services concerning the business and operations of the Company including, but not limited to, assistance with the transition of responsibilities to our new Chief Executive Officer and any other service previously performed by Mr. Pirnat during his tenure as the Company’s Chief Executive Officer, including any service that may relate to our reporting requirements under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. We have agreed to pay Mr. Pirnat $1.00 for each day he provides services under the Consulting Agreement and to reimburse him for expenses incurred in providing the services.
In exchange for a full release of any and all claims relating to his employment that Mr. Pirnat may have had against us, we agreed to waive our right to repurchase 16,875 shares of common stock subject to an option that we issued to Mr. Pirnat on April 23, 2016 and we agreed to extend the term of all of the options held by Mr. Pirnat to December 31, 2020.
Agreements with Roberto Ruiz
On January 4, 2019, we executed a Consulting Agreement and a Confidential Separation Agreement and General Release (“Release Agreement”) with Roberto Ruiz, our former Chief Operating Officer.
The Consulting Agreement has a term of two years, beginning on January 5, 2019 and ending on December 31, 2020. Pursuant to the Consulting Agreement, during the period from January 5, 2019 through March 31, 2019 (the Initial Consulting Period”), Mr. Ruiz must provide us with services, as we
request them. Beginning on April 1, 2019 and through the end of the term, any services to be provided will be agreed upon by us and Mr. Ruiz. During the Initial Consulting Period, Mr. Ruiz will be paid a fee of $70,454.55 for services provided to us for no more than 45 days. If, during the Initial Consulting Period, we request additional services in excess of 45 days, we will pay Mr. Ruiz a daily rate of $2,000. We will also reimburse Mr. Ruiz’s expenses at cost.
Pursuant to the Release Agreement, in exchange for a full release of any and all claims relating to his employment that Mr. Ruiz may have had against us, we agreed to pay the cost of his health insurance premiums during the Initial Consulting Period.
Employment Agreement with Colin James Deller
On January 28, 2019 (the “Effective Date”), the Company and Colin James Deller entered into an employment agreement pursuant to which the Company employed Dr. Deller as its President until April 1, 2019, at which time Dr. Deller became the Company’s Chief Executive Officer. Pursuant to the agreement, the Company pays Dr. Deller an annual salary of $350,000. As an inducement to accept employment with the Company, Dr. Deller was also granted an option to purchase 400,000 shares of the Company’s common stock at an exercise price of
$4.00$1.16 per
share: | | |
Directors and Officers: | | Units
Purchased |
Stephen E. Pirnat | | | 8,361 | |
Joseph Colannino | | | 10,155 | |
James N. Harmon | | | 30,868 | |
Donald W. Kendrick, Ph. D. | | | 4,000 | |
Andrew U. Lee | | | 1,800 | |
Roberto Ruiz, Ph. D. | | | 1,840 | |
Lon E. Bell, Ph.D. | | | 35,336 | |
Scott P. Isaacson | | | 8,242 | |
Jeffrey L. Ott | | | 3,462 | |
All Directors and Executive Officers as a Group (9 persons) | | | 104,064 | |
Additionally, dealer-managershare and placement agency fees of $575,000 and legal expenses of $60,000 were paidan option to or on behalf of MDB Capital Group LLC related to the rights offering. As of the Record Date and based upon the most recently available public filings, MDB is the beneficial owner of more than 5%purchase 200,000 shares of the Company’s common stock.
On Februarystock at an exercise price of $2.25 per share. Each option has a term of 10 2017, Dr. Bellyears and Messrs. Ott and Isaacson agreedwill vest as follows: the right to accept sharespurchase one-third of our common stock, in lieu of a combination of cash and common stock, as payment for their services as directors during the 2017 calendar year. We issued to each of these directors an award of 27,778 shares of common stock from our 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”). The awards of common stock are subject to the terms ofoption vested on the Plan and the Stock Award Agreements entered into between us and each director. We haveEffective Date; the right to repurchasepurchase one-third of the shares at a price of $0.0001 per share through February 10, 2018,will vest on the first anniversary of the date of grant if the director terminates employment or certain other designated events occur. The per share value of the common stock on the date of grant was $3.60.
On February 10, 2017, the Compensation Committee resolved to grant bonus payments, which were paid in the form of shares of our common stock, to the following executive officers (collectively, the “Executives”):
| | |
Name of Officer | | No. of
Shares
Granted |
Stephen E. Pirnat | | | 52,778 | |
James N. Harmon | | | 20,833 | |
Donald W. Kendrick, Ph. D. | | | 20,833 | |
Roberto Ruiz, Ph. D. | | | 20,833 | |
Andrew U. Lee | | | 13,889 | |
Joseph Colannino | | | 6,944 | |
The common stock was issued from the Plandate; and the awards are subject to the terms of the Plan and the Stock Award Agreements entered into between the Company and the Executives. The per share value of the common stock on the date of grant was $3.60. We have the right to repurchasepurchase one-third of the shares at a price of $0.0001 per share uponwill vest on the terminationsecond anniversary of the Executive’s employment or other circumstances designatedgrant date. The Company has agreed to pay certain expenses, not to exceed the sum of $100,000, related to Dr. Deller’s move from Tulsa, Oklahoma to Seattle, Washington, including reasonable expenses related to the sale of his home in Tulsa. As a temporary adjustment for the difference in the awardcost of living between Tulsa and Seattle (the “Relocation Adjustment”), for a period of four years (the “Payment Period”) from the Effective Date, the Company has also agreed to pay up to $6,000 a month to Dr. Deller for expenses related to temporary housing and travel to and from Tulsa to Seattle. If Dr. Deller purchases a home in the Seattle area, the Relocation Adjustment will continue to be paid through the expiration of the Payment Period, although the Relocation Adjustment may be adjusted or terminated upon mutual agreement of Dr. Deller and the Company. The agreement may be terminated by the Company for cause, as defined in the agreement, due to Dr. Deller’s death or disability, upon 30 days’ notice to Dr. Deller or as a result of a change in control, as defined in the agreement. The repurchase right expires on February 10, 2018.
Please seeWith the sectionexception of a termination for cause, if Dr. Deller’s employment is terminated by the Company, aside from accrued but unpaid salary, bonus (if any) and business expenses, Dr. Deller will receive the balance of the unpaid Relocation Adjustment and 6 months of his annual salary.
Other than as disclosed above and in the sections of this proxy statement titled “Employment Contractsthat discuss executive compensation and Termination of Employment and Change-in-Control Arrangements” for information relatingcompensation paid to the employment agreement entered into with our Chief Executive Officer.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Other than as disclosed above,non-executive directors, during our last two fiscal years through the date of this proxy statement, there has not been any transaction or series of similar transactions to which we were or will be a party in which the amount involved exceeded or will exceed the lesser of $120,000 or one percent of the average of our total assets at year-end for the last two completed fiscal years and in which any of our directors, nominees for director, executive officers, holders of more than five percent of any class of our voting securities or any member of the immediate family of the foregoing persons had or will have a direct or indirect material interest.
REQUIREMENTS FOR ADVANCE NOTIFICATIONTABLE OF
NOMINATIONSCONTENTSRequirements For Advance Notification of NominationsAND STOCKHOLDER PROPOSALSStockholderand Shareholder Proposals
Shareholder proposals submitted to us pursuant to Rule 14a-8 promulgated under the Exchange Act for inclusion in our proxy statement and form of proxy for our
20182020 Annual Meeting of
stockholdersshareholders must be received by us no later than
November 21, 2017,December 6, 2019, which is 120 calendar days before the one-year anniversary of the date on which the Company first mailed this proxy statement, and must comply with the requirements of the proxy rules promulgated by the SEC.
StockholderShareholder proposals should be addressed to our Corporate Secretary at 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle,
WAWashington 98168.
Recommendations from stockholders whichshareholders that are received after the deadline likely will not be considered timely for consideration by the CommitteeBoard for next year’s Annual Meeting.
Other Matters
The Board does not intend to bring any other matters before the Annual Meeting and has no reason to believe any other matters will be presented. If other matters properly
do come before the Annual Meeting, however, it is the intention of the persons named as proxy agents in the enclosed proxy card to vote on such matters as recommended by the Board, or if no recommendation is given, in their own discretion.
The Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
20162018 is being mailed with this proxy statement to
stockholdersshareholders entitled to notice of the Annual Meeting. The Annual Report includes the financial statements and management’s discussion and analysis of financial condition and results of operations. Copies of exhibits to the Annual Report may be obtained from us upon the payment of the reasonable expenses we incur in copying and mailing any requested exhibit. The costs of preparing, assembling, mailing and soliciting the proxies will be borne by us. Proxies may be solicited, without extra compensation, by our officers and employees by mail, telephone, facsimile, personal interviews and other methods of communication.
If you and other residents at your mailing address own shares in street name, your broker or bank may have sent you a notice that your household will receive only one copy of proxy materials for each company in which you hold shares through that broker or bank. This practice of sending only one copy of proxy materials is known as householding. If you did not respond that you did not want to participate in householding, you were deemed to have consented to the process. If the foregoing procedures apply to you, your broker has sent one copy of our proxy statement to your address. If you want to receive separate copies of the proxy materials in the future, or you are receiving multiple copies and would like to receive only one copy per household, you should contact your stockbroker, bank or other nominee record holder, or you may contact us at the address or telephone number below. In any event, if you did not receive an individual copy of this proxy statement, we will send a copy to you if you address your written request to, or call, Brian G. Fike,
Controller, ClearSign Combustion Corporation,interim Chief Financial Officer, 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle,
WAWashington 98168, telephone number (206) 673-4848.
Copies of the documents referred to abovein this proxy statement that appear on our website are also available upon request by any stockholdershareholder addressed to our Corporate Secretary, ClearSign Combustion Corporation, 12870 Interurban Avenue South, Seattle, WAWashington 98168.
ANNEX I
AMENDMENT NO. 1
TO THE
CLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORPORATION
2011 EQUITY INCENTIVE PLAN
WHEREAS, on January 27, 2011, the Board of Directors (the “Board”) of ClearSign Combustion Corporation (the “Company”) approved and adopted the ClearSign Combustion Corporation 2011 Equity Incentive Plan (the “Plan”); and
WHEREAS, on March 11, 2019, in accordance with Section 21 of the Plan, the Board resolved to amend the Plan for the purpose of increasing the number of shares of common stock reserved for the Plan pursuant to Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the Plan, subject to and effective upon approval by the holders of the Company’s common stock;
THEREFORE, subject to, and effective upon approval by the holders of the Company’s issued and outstanding common stock, Sections 3.1 and 3.2 of the Plan shall be amended as follows:
3.1 Number of Shares Available. Subject to Sections 3.2, 3.3 and 18, the total aggregate number of Shares reserved and available for grant and issuance pursuant to this Plan, shall be 4,003,839 Shares and will include Shares that are subject to: (a) issuance upon exercise of an Option but cease to be subject to such Option for any reason other than exercise of such Option; (b) an Award granted hereunder but forfeited or repurchased by the Company at the original issue price; and (c) an Award that otherwise terminates without Shares being issued. At all times the Company shall reserve and keep available a sufficient number of Shares as shall be required to satisfy the requirements of all outstanding Options granted under this Plan and all other outstanding but unvested Awards granted under this Plan.
3.2 Increase in Number of Shares Available. The maximum aggregate number of Shares that may be granted under the Plan will be increased effective the first day of each of the Company’s fiscal quarters, beginning with the fiscal quarter commencing April 1, 2019, (the “Adjustment Date”) by an amount equal to the lesser of:
(iii) 15% of the difference between the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding on the applicable Adjustment Date and the number of shares of Common Stock outstanding at the beginning of the fiscal quarter immediately preceding the Adjustment Date; or
(iv) such lesser number of Shares as may be determined by the Board.
In all other respects, the terms and conditions of the Plan shall remain the same.
ANNEX II
ARTICLES OF AMENDMENT
TO
ARTICLES OF INCORPORATION OF
CLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORPORATION
Pursuant to the provisions of Section 23B.10 of the Revised Code of Washington, the undersigned corporation adopts the following Articles of Amendment to its Articles of Incorporation:
1.
A new paragraph is added to the end of Article 8 of the Articles of Incorporation to read as follows:
A special meeting of the shareholders shall be held if the holders of at least 20% of all the votes entitled to be cast on any issue proposed to be considered at the special meeting have delivered to the corporation one or more demands for the meeting in the manner and at the times set forth in the Bylaws.
2.
The foregoing amendment was duly approved by the shareholders of the Corporation on , 2019, in accordance with the provisions of RCW 23B.10.030.
Executed as of this day of , 2019.
CLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORPORATION,
a Washington corporation
By
Name:
Its:
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111234567812345678123456781234567812345678123456781234567812345678NAMETHE COMPANY NAME INC. - COMMON 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - CLASS A 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - CLASS B 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - CLASS C 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - CLASS D 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - CLASS E 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - CLASS F 123,456,789,012.12345THE COMPANY NAME INC. - 401 K 123,456,789,012.12345→x02 0000000000JOB #1 OF 21 OF 2 PAGESHARESCUSIP #SEQUENCE #THIS PROXY CARD IS VALID ONLY WHEN SIGNED AND DATED.KEEP THIS PORTION FOR YOUR RECORDSDETACH AND RETURN THIS PORTION ONLYTO VOTE, MARK BLOCKS BELOW IN BLUE OR BLACK INK AS FOLLOWS:Signature [PLEASE SIGN WITHIN BOX] Date Signature (Joint Owners) DateCONTROL #SHARESTo withhold authority to vote for anyindividual nominee(s), mark “For AllExcept” and write the number(s) of thenominee(s) on the line below.0 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 0 00 00000415172_1 R1.0.1.18For Withhold For AllAll All ExceptThe Board of Directors recommends you vote FORthe following:1. Election of DirectorsNominees01 Robert T. Hoffman 02 Lon E. Bell, Ph.D. 03 Susanne L. Meline 04 James M. Simmons 05 Bruce A. PateCLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORP12870 INTERURBAN AVENUE SOUTHSEATTLE, WA 98168Investor Address Line 1Investor Address Line 2Investor Address Line 3Investor Address Line 4Investor Address Line 5John Sample1234 ANYWHERE STREETANY CITY, ON A1A 1A1Investor Address Line 1Investor Address Line 2Investor Address Line 3Investor Address Line 4Investor Address Line 5John Sample1234 ANYWHERE STREETANY CITY, ON A1A 1A1VOTE BY INTERNET - www.proxyvote.comUse the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic delivery ofinformation. Vote by 11:59 P.M. ET on 05/07/2019. Have your proxy card in hand whenyou access the web site and follow the instructions to obtain your records and to createan electronic voting instruction form.ELECTRONIC DELIVERY OF FUTURE PROXY MATERIALSUse the Internet to transmit your voting instructions and for electronic delivery ofinformation up until 11:59 P.M. Eastern Time the day before the cut-off date ormeeting date. Have your proxy card in hand when you access the web site andfollow the instructions to obtain your records and to create an electronic votinginstruction form.VOTE BY PHONE - 1-800-690-6903Use any touch-tone telephone to transmit your voting instructions. Vote by 11:59 P.M. ETon 05/07/2019. Have your proxy card in hand when you call and then follow theinstructions.VOTE BY MAILMark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the postage-paid envelope we haveprovided or return it to Vote Processing, c/o Broadridge, 51 Mercedes Way, Edgewood,NY 11717.The Board of Directors recommends you vote FORproposals 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6. For Against Abstain2. Approve, on an advisory basis, the appointmentof Gumbiner Savett Inc. as the Company'sindependent registered public accounting firmfor the fiscal year ending December 31, 2019.3. Approve an amendment to the ClearSignCombustion Corporation 2011 Equity IncentivePlan to increase the number of shares of commonstock reserved for awards.4. Approve an amendment to the Company's articlesof incorporation to specify the threshold ofshareholder votes required to call a specialmeeting of shareholders.For Against Abstain5. Approve, on an advisory basis, the compensationpaid to the Company's named executive officers("Say-on-Pay").6. Approve one or more adjournments of the AnnualMeeting to a later date or dates to solicitadditional proxies if there are insufficientvotes to approve proposal 3 AND/OR proposal 4or in the absence of a quorum.NOTE: Transact any other business as may properlycome before the Annual Meeting or any adjournmentsthereof.Please sign exactly as your name(s) appear(s) hereon. When signing asattorney, executor, administrator, or other fiduciary, please give fulltitle as such. Joint owners should each sign personally. All holders mustsign. If a corporation or partnership, please sign in full corporate orpartnership name by authorized officer.Yes NoPlease indicate if you plan to attend this meeting
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0000415172_2 R1.0.1.18Important Notice Regarding the Availability of Proxy Materials for the Annual Meeting: The Annual Report, Notice & Proxy Statement is/are available at www.proxyvote.comCLEARSIGN COMBUSTION CORPORATIONAnnual Meeting of ShareholdersMay 8, 2019 1:30 PMThis proxy is solicited by the Board of DirectorsThe shareholder(s) hereby appoint(s) Colin James Deller and Brian G. Fike, or either of them, as proxies, eachwith the power to appoint his substitute, and hereby authorizes them to represent and to vote, as designated onthe reverse side of this ballot, all of the shares of common stock of CLEARSIGN COMBUSTIONCORPORATION that the shareholder(s) is/are entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be heldat 01:30 PM PDT on May 8, 2019, at ClearSign Combustion Corporation, 12870 Interurban Avenue South,Seattle, WA 98168, and any adjournment or postponement thereof.This proxy, when properly executed, will be voted in the manner directed herein. If no such direction ismade, this proxy will be voted in accordance with the Board of Directors' recommendations.Continued and to be signed on reverse side
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